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Bristol, George Digby, 2d earl of

(Encyclopedia) Bristol, George Digby, 2d earl of, 1612–77, English courtier; son of John Digby, 1st earl of Bristol. At first a member of the parliamentary opposition to Charles I, he later fought…

Bristol, John Digby, 1st earl of

(Encyclopedia) Bristol, John Digby, 1st earl of, 1580–1653, English diplomat. He spent most of the years 1611–24 at the Spanish court, where as ambassador he conducted the prolonged negotiations for…

Sunderland, Charles Spencer, 3d earl of

(Encyclopedia) Sunderland, Charles Spencer, 3d earl of, 1674–1722, English statesman; son of the 2d earl. His marriage (1700) to a daughter of the 1st duke of Marlborough brought him a secretaryship…

Sandwich, Edward Montagu, 1st earl of

(Encyclopedia) Sandwich, Edward Montagu, 1st earl ofSandwich, Edward Montagu, 1st earl ofmŏnˈtəgy&oomacr; [key], 1625–72, English admiral. He fought in the parliamentary army during the civil war…

Tory

(Encyclopedia) ToryTorytôˈrē [key], English political party. The term was originally applied to outlaws in Ireland and was adopted as a derogatory name for supporters of the duke of York (later James…

Arundel, Henry Fitzalan, 12th earl of

(Encyclopedia) Arundel, Henry Fitzalan, 12th earl ofArundel, Henry Fitzalan, 12th earl ofărˈəndəl [key], 1511?–1580, English statesman. Lord chamberlain under Henry VIII, he was a member of the…

Kildare, Thomas Fitzgerald, 10th earl of

(Encyclopedia) Kildare, Thomas Fitzgerald, 10th earl of, 1513–37, Irish nobleman, called Silken Thomas. When his father, the 9th earl and lord deputy of Ireland, was summoned to London on charges of…

Stafford, Humphrey, 1st duke of Buckingham

(Encyclopedia) Stafford, Humphrey, 1st duke of Buckingham, 1402–60, English nobleman. He succeeded his father as earl of Stafford in 1403. He inherited the title of earl of Buckingham through his…

David I, king of Scotland

(Encyclopedia) David I, 1084–1153, king of Scotland (1124–53), youngest son of Malcolm III and St. Margaret of Scotland. During the reign of his brother Alexander I, whom he succeeded, David was earl…