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Galois, Évariste

(Encyclopedia) Galois, ÉvaristeGalois, Évaristeāvärēstˈ gälwäˈ [key], 1811–32, French mathematician. At the age of 17 he had evolved original concepts on the theory of algebra. He made important…

Guntram

(Encyclopedia) GuntramGuntramgŭnˈtrəm [key], c.525–592, Frankish king of Burgundy and Orléans (561–92), son of Clotaire I. He intervened in the wars of his relatives in order to maintain the balance…

Golden Dawn, Hermetic Order of the

(Encyclopedia) Golden Dawn, Hermetic Order of the, occult-oriented fraternal organization established by the Freemasons in England (1888), led by S. L. MacGregor Mathers (1854–1917). The order's…

Alfonso II, king of Portugal

(Encyclopedia) Alfonso II (Alfonso the Fat), 1185–1223, king of Portugal (1211–23), son and successor of Sancho I. His reign was spent in struggles with the church and his brothers and sisters, to…

Duncan, Robert

(Encyclopedia) Duncan, Robert, 1919–88, American poet, b. Oakland, Calif. He was a leading poet of the San Francisco renaissance during the late 1940s. His lyric style contains private allusions,…

Argonne

(Encyclopedia) ArgonneArgonneärgônˈ [key], region of the Paris basin, NE France, in Champagne and Lorraine (Meuse, Marne, and Ardennes dept.), a hilly and woody district centering around the capital…

Argyll, John Campbell, 2d duke of

(Encyclopedia) Argyll, John Campbell, 2d duke of, 1678–1743, Scottish general; son of the 1st duke, whom he succeeded in 1703. For his ardent support of the union of England and Scotland he was…

Knox, Frank

(Encyclopedia) Knox, Frank (William Franklin Knox), 1874–1944, U.S. Secretary of the Navy (1940–44), b. Boston. He joined the Rough Riders in the Spanish-American War and also served in World War I.…

Justin II

(Encyclopedia) Justin II, d. 578, Byzantine emperor (565–78), nephew and successor to Justinian I. He allied himself with the Turks and resumed the wars with Persia. During his reign Slavs and Avars…

Felix, Antonius

(Encyclopedia) Felix, Antonius, fl. a.d. 60, Roman procurator of Judaea, Samaria, Galilee, and Peraea (c.a.d. 52–a.d. 60), a freedman of Claudius I. He was judge of the apostle Paul. He married…