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Bartoli, Cecilia

(Encyclopedia) Bartoli, CeciliaBartoli, Ceciliachāchēlˈyä bärtōˈlē [key], 1966–, Italian mezzo-soprano, b. Rome. Bartoli debuted at Verona (1987), first performed in the United States at Lincoln…

Smith, Tony

(Encyclopedia) Smith, Tony, 1912–80, American sculptor, b. South Orange, N.J., studied Art Students League, New York City (1933–37), New Bauhaus, Chicago (1937–38). Trained as a painter and architect…

Sarnoff, David

(Encyclopedia) Sarnoff, David, 1891–1971, American pioneer in radio and television, b. Russia. Emigrating to the United States in 1900, he worked for the Marconi Wireless Company, winning recognition…

Plantin, Christophe

(Encyclopedia) Plantin, ChristophePlantin, Christophekrēstôfˈ pläNtăNˈ [key], 1514–89, printer. Plantin left his native France for Belgium because of religious persecution. In Antwerp his work, at…

passion music

(Encyclopedia) passion music, choral music whose text depicts events immediately surrounding the crucifixion of Jesus. The earliest passions, composed from the 9th to the 14th cent., were monophonic…

Pickford, Mary

(Encyclopedia) Pickford, Mary, 1893–1979, American movie actress, b. Toronto, Ont. In 1909 she began working with D. W. Griffith. Specializing in playing young girls, she was dubbed “America's…

Papp, Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Papp, Joseph, 1921–91, American theatrical director and producer, b. Brooklyn, N.Y. as Joseph Papirofsky. Papp, a major influence in American theater, founded the nonprofit New York…

Ochs, Adolph Simon

(Encyclopedia) Ochs, Adolph SimonOchs, Adolph Simonŏks [key], 1858–1935, American newspaper publisher, b. Cincinnati. Starting as a newsboy in Knoxville, Tenn., he became a printer's apprentice,…

Oecolampadius, Johannes

(Encyclopedia) Oecolampadius, JohannesOecolampadius, Johannesyōhänˈəs ökōlämpäˈdē&oobreve;s, ĕkˌəlămpāˈdēəs [key], 1482–1531, German Protestant reformer, associate of Huldreich Zwingli in the…

Oud, Jacobus Johannes Pieter

(Encyclopedia) Oud, Jacobus Johannes PieterOud, Jacobus Johannes Pieteryäkōˈbəs yōhäˈnəs pēˈtər out [key], 1890–1963, Dutch architect. Oud's interest in abstract painting led him to conceive of…