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Charles VII, Holy Roman emperor

(Encyclopedia) Charles VII, 1697–1745, Holy Roman emperor (1742–45) and, as Charles Albert, elector of Bavaria (1726–45). Having married a daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph I, he refused to…

Grooms, Red

(Encyclopedia) Grooms, Red (Charles Grooms), 1937–, American artist, b. Nashville, Tenn; studied Art Inst. of Chicago, Peabody College, New School for Social Research, Hans Hofmann School of Fine…

Huston, John

(Encyclopedia) Huston, JohnHuston, Johnhy&oomacr;sˈtən [key], 1906–87, American motion picture director, writer, and actor, b. Nevada, Mo. In many of his films, such as The Treasure of the Sierra…

lungfish

(Encyclopedia) lungfish, common name for any of a group of fish belonging to the families Ceratodontidae, Lepidosirenidae, and Protopteridae, found in the rivers of Australia, South America, and…

chocolate

(Encyclopedia) chocolate, general term for the products of the seeds of the cacao or chocolate tree, used for making beverages or confectionery. The flavor of chocolate depends not only on the…

Gödel, Kurt

(Encyclopedia) Gödel, KurtGödel, Kurtgöˈdəl [key], 1906–78, American mathematician and logician, b. Brünn (now Brno, Czech Republic), grad. Univ. of Vienna (Ph.D., 1930). He came to the United States…

Palade, George Emil

(Encyclopedia) Palade, George EmilPalade, George Emilpäläˈdē [key], 1912–2008, American cell biologist, b. Iaşi, Romania, M.D. Univ. of Bucharest, 1940. He was a faculty member at the Rockefeller…

Murder, Inc.

(Encyclopedia) Murder, Inc., name given to the band of professional killers who operated (1930–40) throughout the United States as the enforcement arm of the Syndicate, composed of the national heads…

Cozens, Alexander

(Encyclopedia) Cozens, AlexanderCozens, Alexanderkŭzˈənz [key], c.1717–1786, English draftsman and writer, b. Russia. Cozens is thought to have been the first principal English master to work…