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Baxter, Richard

(Encyclopedia) Baxter, Richard, 1615–91, English nonconformist clergyman. Ordained in 1638, he began his ministry at Kidderminster in 1641. He sided with Parliament when the civil war broke out and…

benefice

(Encyclopedia) beneficebeneficebĕnˈəfĭs [key], in canon law, a position in the church that has attached to it a source of income; also, more narrowly, that income itself. The occupant of a benefice…

Spangenberg, August Gottlieb

(Encyclopedia) Spangenberg, August GottliebSpangenberg, August Gottliebouˈg&oobreve;st gôtˈlēp shpängˈənbĕrk [key], 1704–92, a bishop of the Moravian Church and a founder of that church in…

Nottingham, Daniel Finch

(Encyclopedia) Nottingham, Daniel Finch, 2d earl of, 1647–1730, English politician, son of Heneage Finch, the 1st earl. A staunch supporter of the Church of England, he disapproved of James II's pro–…

Paul VI, Saint

(Encyclopedia) Paul VI, Saint, 1897–1978, pope (1963–78), an Italian (b. Concesio, near Brescia) named Giovanni Battista Montini; successor of John XXIII. The broader international outlook of the…

Protestantism

(Encyclopedia) Protestantism, form of Christian faith and practice that originated with the principles of the Reformation. The term is derived from the Protestatio delivered by a minority of…

Black Muslims

(Encyclopedia) Black Muslims, African-American religious movement in the United States, split since the late 1970s into the American Society of Muslims and the Nation of Islam. The original group was…

Orwell, George

(Encyclopedia) Orwell, George, pseud. of Eric Arthur Blair, 1903–50, British novelist and essayist, b. Bengal, India. He is best remembered for his scathingly satirical and frighteningly political…

Gassendi, Pierre

(Encyclopedia) Gassendi, PierreGassendi, Pierrepyĕr gäsäNdēˈ [key], 1592–1655, French philosopher and scientist. A teacher and priest, Gassendi taught at Digne, Aix, and the Royal College at Paris…

Játiva

(Encyclopedia) JátivaJátivahäˈtēvä [key], town (1990 pop. 25,577), Valencia prov., E Spain, in Valencia. The town is a processing and distribution center for farm products. Its famous linen industry…