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Doctorow, E. L.

(Encyclopedia) Doctorow, E. L. (Edgar Lawrence Doctorow)Doctorow, E. L.dŏkˈtərōˌ [key], 1931–2015, American novelist, b. New York City. The author of a dozen novels, Doctorow is known for his…

Miłosz, Czesław

(Encyclopedia) Miłosz, CzesławMiłosz, Czesławchĕsˈwäf mēˈwŏsh [key], 1911–2004, poet, essayist, and novelist, b. Szetejnie, Lithuania (then in Russia). Widely considered the greatest contemporary…

Munch, Edvard

(Encyclopedia) Munch, EdvardMunch, Edvardĕdˈvärt m&oobreve;ngk [key], 1863–1944, Norwegian painter and graphic artist. He studied in Oslo and under Bonnat in Paris, traveled in Europe, and lived…

Gershwin, George

(Encyclopedia) Gershwin, GeorgeGershwin, Georgegŭrshˈwĭn [key], 1898–1937, American composer, b. Brooklyn, N.Y., as Jacob Gershwin. Gershwin wrote some of the most original and popular musical works…

Carter, Elliott Cook, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Carter, Elliott Cook, Jr., 1908–2012, American composer, b. New York City. Carter is considered by many to be the most important late-20th-century American composer. Mentored early in…

Giry, Arthur

(Encyclopedia) Giry, ArthurGiry, Arthurärtürˈ zhērēˈ [key], 1848–99, French historian. His Manuel de diplomatique (new ed. 1925) remains a standard work on the scientific study of documents.

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus

(Encyclopedia) Mozart, Wolfgang AmadeusMozart, Wolfgang Amadeusmōtˈsärt, Ger. vôlfˈgäng ämädāˈ&oobreve;s mōˈtsärt [key], 1756–91, Austrian composer, b. Salzburg. Mozart represents one of the…

MLB American League Earned Run Average

American League Multiple winners: Lefty Grove (9); Roger Clemens (6);Walter Johnson (5); Pedro Martinez (4); Spud Chandler, Stan Coveleski, Red Faber, Whitey Ford, Lefty Gomez, Ron Guidry, Addie…

Shenstone, William

(Encyclopedia) Shenstone, William, 1714–63, English poet and landscape gardener. The Schoolmistress (1742), his best-known poem, was written in imitation of Spenser. His home, “Leasowes,” in…

Osborne, Thomas Burr

(Encyclopedia) Osborne, Thomas Burr, 1859–1929, American chemist, b. New Haven, Conn., grad. Yale, 1881. From 1886 he was with the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. An authority on…