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John Smith YOUNG, Congress, LA (1834-1916)

YOUNG John Smith , a Representative from Louisiana; born near Raleigh, Wake County, N.C., November 4, 1834; moved with his father to Fayette County, Tenn., in 1836, and to Columbia County, Ark., in…

Smith Spangler TURNER, Congress, VA (1842-1898)

TURNER Smith Spangler , a Representative from Virginia; born in Warren County, Va., November 21, 1842; cadet at the Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Va., when the Civil War commenced, and…

Gentile, Giovanni

(Encyclopedia) Gentile, GiovanniGentile, Giovannijōvänˈnē jāntēˈlā [key], 1875–1944, Italian philosopher and educator. He taught philosophy in several Italian universities and for many years…

André, John

(Encyclopedia) André, JohnAndré, Johnändrāˈ, ănˈdrē [key], 1751–80, British spy in the American Revolution. He was captured (1775) by Gen. Richard Montgomery in the Quebec campaign but was exchanged…

Gournay, Vincent de

(Encyclopedia) Gournay, Vincent deGournay, Vincent devăNsäNˈ də g&oomacr;rnāˈ [key], 1712–59, French economist, precursor of the physiocrats and of Adam Smith. A wealthy merchant, he was in…

Glass, Carter

(Encyclopedia) Glass, Carter, 1858–1946, American politician, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1918–20), U.S. Senator from Virginia (1920–46), b. Lynchburg, Va. He learned the printer's trade and…

Hamann, Johann Georg

(Encyclopedia) Hamann, Johann GeorgHamann, Johann Georgyōˈhän gāˈôrk häˈmən [key], 1730–88, German Protestant theologian, b. Königsberg (now Kaliningrad). Although opposed to the rationalism of Kant…

Mansart, François

(Encyclopedia) Mansart or Mansard, FrançoisMansart or Mansard, Françoisboth: fräNswäˈ mäNsärˈ [key], 1598–1666, French architect. His work is noted as being an outstanding expression of French…

Martinson, Harry

(Encyclopedia) Martinson, Harry, 1904–78, Swedish writer. Orphaned early, Martinson was self-educated. His works reveal his appreciation of nature and his distrust of modern technological society. He…

LeHand, Missy

(Encyclopedia) LeHand, Missy (Marguerite Alice LeHand), 1896–1944, personal secretary to Franklin Roosevelt, b. Potsdam, N.Y. She worked for Roosevelt's unsuccessful vice presidential campaign (1920…