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Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude Nessim

(Encyclopedia) Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude Nessim, 1933–, French physicist, b. Algeria, Ph.D. École Normale Supérieure, Paris, 1962. He has continued his research at the École Normale Supérieure, and was…

Courbet, Gustave

(Encyclopedia) Courbet, GustaveCourbet, Gustavegüstävˈ k&oomacr;rbāˈ [key], 1819–77, French painter, b. Ornans. He moved to Paris in 1839 and studied there, learning chiefly by copying…

Wang Yang-ming

(Encyclopedia) Wang Yang-mingWang Yang-mingwäng yäng-mĭng [key], 1472–1529, Chinese philosopher. He developed an idealist interpretation of Confucianism that denied the rationalist dualism of the…

Ssu-ma Kuang

(Encyclopedia) Ssu-ma KuangSsu-ma Kuangs&oomacr;-mä kwäng [key], 1018–86, Chinese statesman and historian of the Northern Sung dynasty. He edited the monumental Tzu-chih t'ung-chien [the…

Changsha

(Encyclopedia) ChangshaChangshachängˈshäˈ [key], city (1994 est. pop. 1,198,100), capital of Hunan prov., S China, on the Xiang River. The name, which means “long sandbank,” is derived from an island…

Bishkek

(Encyclopedia) BishkekBishkekbĭshˈkĕk [key], formerly FrunzeFrunzefr&oomacr;nˈzĕ [key], city (1993 est. pop. 640,700), capital of Kyrgyzstan, on the Chu River and on a branch of the Turkistan-…

Thanlwin

(Encyclopedia) ThanlwinThanlwinthänlwēnˈ [key] or SalweenThanlwinsălˌwēnˈ [key], Chin. Nu Jiang, Tibetan Chiama Ngu Chu, river of SE Asia, c.1,750 mi (2,820 km) long, rising in E Tibet region of…

Tian Shan

(Encyclopedia) Tian Shan or Tien ShanTian Shanboth: tēĕn shän [key] [Chin.,=celestial mountains], mountain system of central Asia, extending c.1,500 mi (2,410 km) from the Pamir Mts., Tajikistan, NE…

Yung-lo

(Encyclopedia) Yung-loYung-loy&oomacr;ng-lô [key], 1359–1424, reign title of the 3d emperor (1403–24) of the Chinese Ming dynasty, whose personal name was Chu Ti. He rose to power in N China…

Sun Wu and his Book

The Text of Sun Tzu Sun Wu and his Book Ssu-ma Ch`ien gives the following biography of Sun Tzu: [1] — Sun Tzu Wu was a native of the Ch`i State. His ART OF WAR brought him to the notice of Ho…