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Hermetic books

(Encyclopedia) Hermetic books, ancient metaphysical works dealing essentially with the idea of the complete community of all beings and objects. Authorship of the books was attributed to the Egyptian…

superstition

(Encyclopedia) superstition, an irrational belief or practice resulting from ignorance or fear of the unknown. The validity of superstitions is based on belief in the power of magic and witchcraft…

Spencer, Sir Stanley

(Encyclopedia) Spencer, Sir Stanley, 1891–1959, English painter. In his landscapes and his often highly erotic portraits and religious-allegorical scenes, Spencer's paintings express a highly…

Wang Ch'ung-hui

(Encyclopedia) Wang Ch'ung-huiWang Ch'ung-huiwäng ch&oomacr;ng-hwē [key], 1881–1958, Chinese jurist. He was educated in China, Japan, Europe, and the United States. He was greatly influenced by…

Pinyin

(Encyclopedia) PinyinPinyinpĭnˈyĭnˈ [key] [Chin. Hanyu pinyin = Chinese phonetic alphabet], system of romanization of Chinese written characters, approved in 1958 by the government of the People's…

coolie labor

(Encyclopedia) coolie labor, term applied to unskilled laborers from Asia, especially from India and China. With the discontinuance of slavery, the use of Chinese and Indian contract labor in British…

witchcraft

(Encyclopedia) witchcraft, a form of sorcery, or the magical manipulation of nature for self-aggrandizement, or for the benefit or harm of a client. This manipulation often involves the use of spirit…

Chinese Dynasties (table)

(Encyclopedia) Chinese Dynasties Dynasty Characteristics and History Hsia c.1994–c.1523 b.c. Semilegendary Emperor Yu built irrigation channels, reclaimed land. Bronze weapons, chariots,…

Chinese examination system

(Encyclopedia) Chinese examination system, civil service recruitment method and educational system employed from the Han dynasty (206 b.c.–a.d. 220) until it was abolished by the Ch'ing dowager…