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Clurman, Harold

(Encyclopedia) Clurman, HaroldClurman, Haroldkl&oobreve;rˈmən [key], 1901–80, American director, manager, critic, and author, b. New York City. In his early years he acted in minor roles,…

Harris, Roy

(Encyclopedia) Harris, Roy, 1898–1979, American composer, b. Lincoln co., Okla. Harris was a pupil of Arthur Farwell and Nadia Boulanger. He began to compose c.1925, ultimately producing more than…

Hayashi, Senjuro

(Encyclopedia) Hayashi, Senjuro, 1876–1943, Japanese army officer and political leader, b. Kanazawa, Ishikawa prefecture. After graduating from the Imperial Japanese Army Academy (1897) and the Army…

Hadley, Arthur Twining

(Encyclopedia) Hadley, Arthur Twining, 1856–1930, American economist and educator, b. New Haven, Conn.; son of James Hadley. A graduate (1876) of Yale, he was on the faculty (1879–99) and later was…

Gawain, Sir

(Encyclopedia) Gawain, SirGawain, Sirgäˈwān, –wĭn [key], one of the most popular heroes of Arthurian legend; nephew of King Arthur. He was regarded, particularly in the early romances, as the model…

Francis II, duke of Brittany

(Encyclopedia) Francis II, 1435–88, duke of Brittany. He succeeded (1458) his uncle Arthur III. In his struggle with the French crown for the independence of his duchy, Francis entered (1465) the…

Gray, Horace

(Encyclopedia) Gray, Horace, 1828–1902, American jurist, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1881–1902), b. Boston. At first a reporter (1854–61) to the Massachusetts supreme court, he later…

Granger, David Arthur

(Encyclopedia) Granger, David Arthur, 1945–, Guyanese political leader and military officer. He served in the Guyanese army (1965–92), rising to the rank of brigadier and becoming commander of the…

Zimmermann note

(Encyclopedia) Zimmermann note, secret telegram sent on Jan. 16, 1917, by German foreign secretary Arthur Zimmermann to Count Johann von Bernstorff, the German ambassador to the United States. In it…

Sylvester, James Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Sylvester, James Joseph, 1814–97, English mathematician. He studied at Cambridge for four years after 1831, but because degrees were limited to members of the Church of England and he…