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Haidar Ali

(Encyclopedia) Haidar Ali or Hyder AliHaidar Aliboth: hīˈdər älēˈ [key], 1722–82, Indian ruler. A Muslim of peasant stock, he rose by military brilliance to command the army of the Hindu state of…

Ascension, island

(Encyclopedia) Ascension Ascension əsĕnˈchən [key], island, 34 sq mi (88 sq km), in the S Atlantic, NW of Saint Helena and belonging to the British St. Helena overseas…

Marion, Francis

(Encyclopedia) Marion, FrancisMarion, Francismârˈēən [key], c.1732–1795, American Revolutionary soldier, known as the Swamp Fox, b. near Georgetown, S.C. He was a planter and Indian fighter before…

Liniers, Jacques de

(Encyclopedia) Liniers, Jacques de, Span. Santiago de Liniers y de BremondLiniers, Jacques de,säntēäˈgō ᵺā lēnēārsˈ ē ᵺā brāmōndˈ [key], 1753–1810, French officer in Spanish service, viceroy of Río…

parliamentary law

(Encyclopedia) parliamentary law, rules under which deliberative bodies conduct their proceedings. In English-speaking countries these are based on the practice of the British Parliament, chiefly in…

Cole, George Douglas Howard

(Encyclopedia) Cole, George Douglas Howard, 1889–1959, English economist, labor historian, and socialist. Educated at Oxford, he was long associated with the university and held a professorship from…

Wolfe, James

(Encyclopedia) Wolfe, James, 1727–59, British soldier. After a distinguished record in European campaigns, he was made (1758) second in command to Jeffery Amherst in the last of the French and Indian…

Bennett, Alan

(Encyclopedia) Bennett, Alan, 1934–, British playwright and actor, b. Leeds, England, grad. Exeter College, Oxford (1957). Bennett became a fixture of the British cultural scene as part of the…

Bannister, Sir Roger Gilbert

(Encyclopedia) Bannister, Sir Roger Gilbert, 1929–2018, British athlete and neurologist. On May 6, 1954, at Oxford's Iffley Road track, Bannister, a medical student, became the first man to run the…

Pye, John

(Encyclopedia) Pye, John, 1782–1874, English engraver, founder of modern landscape engraving. As an illustrator for popular art annuals, he executed plates for landscapes by J. M. W. Turner, Claude…