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smuggling

(Encyclopedia) smuggling, illegal transport across state or national boundaries of goods or persons liable to customs or to prohibition. Smuggling has been carried on in nearly all nations and has…

balance of trade

(Encyclopedia) balance of trade, relation between the merchandise exports and imports of a country. The concept first became important in the 16th and 17th cent. with the growth of mercantilism.…

Mandaeans

(Encyclopedia) Mandaeans or MandeansMandeansmănˈdēənz [key], a small religious sect who maintain an ancient belief resembling that of Gnosticism and that of the Parsis. They are also known as…

Cambrian period

(Encyclopedia) Cambrian period [Lat. Cambria=Wales], first period of the Paleozoic geologic era (see Geologic Timescale, tablegeologic timescale, table) extending from approximately 570 to 505…

Northern Territory

(Encyclopedia) Northern Territory, territory (2016 pop. 228,833), 520,280 sq mi (1,347,525 sq km), N central Australia. It is bounded on the N by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea, and the Gulf of…

Devonian period

(Encyclopedia) Devonian periodDevonian perioddĭvōˈnēən [key], fourth period of the Paleozoic era of geologic time between 408 and 360 million years ago (see Geologic Timescale, tablegeologic…

Sistine Chapel

(Encyclopedia) Sistine ChapelSistine Chapelsĭsˈtēn [key] [for Sixtus IV], private chapel of the popes in Rome, one of the principal glories of the Vatican. Built (1473) under Pope Sixtus IV, it is…

Grosseteste, Robert

(Encyclopedia) Grosseteste, RobertGrosseteste, Robertgrōsˈtĕst [key], c.1175–1253, English prelate. Educated at Oxford and probably also at Paris, he became one of the most learned men of his time.…

Mahfouz, Naguib

(Encyclopedia) Mahfouz, NaguibMahfouz, Naguibnəgēbˈ mäkhf&oomacr;sˈ [key], 1911–2006, Egyptian novelist and short-story writer, b. Cairo. After his graduation (1934) from Cairo Univ., he worked…

Celt

(Encyclopedia) CeltCeltkĕlt, sĕlt [key] or KeltCeltkĕlt [key]. 1 One who speaks a Celtic language or who derives ancestry from an area where a Celtic language was spoken; i.e., one from Ireland, the…