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Beccaria, Cesare Bonesana, marchese di

(Encyclopedia) Beccaria, Cesare Bonesana, marchese diBeccaria, Cesare Bonesana, marchese dichĕˈzärā bōnāzäˈnä märkāˈzā dē bĕk-kärēˈä [key], 1738–94, Italian criminologist, economist, and jurist, b.…

Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr., 1908–72, American politician and clergyman, b. New Haven, Conn. In 1937 he became pastor of the Abyssinian Baptist Church in New York City, and he soon…

Barnard, George Grey

(Encyclopedia) Barnard, George Grey, 1863–1938, American sculptor, b. Bellefonte, Pa. He studied engraving, then sculpture, first at the Art Institute of Chicago, then at the École des Beaux-Arts,…

Raeburn, Sir Henry

(Encyclopedia) Raeburn, Sir HenryRaeburn, Sir Henryrāˈbərn [key], 1756–1823, Scottish portrait painter, b. near Edinburgh. He was apprenticed to a goldsmith at 15 and he showed considerable talent.…

Georgian architecture

(Encyclopedia) Georgian architecture. It includes several trends in English architecture that were predominant during the reigns (1714–1830) of George I, George II, George III, and George IV. The…

Illuminati

(Encyclopedia) IlluminatiIlluminatiĭl&oomacr;ˌmĭnāˈtī, –näˈtē [key] [Lat.,=enlightened], rationalistic society founded in Germany soon after 1776 by Adam Weishaupt, a professor at Ingolstadt,…

Lucas van Leyden

(Encyclopedia) Lucas van LeydenLucas van Leydenlüˈkäs vän līˈdən [key], 1494–1533, Dutch historical and genre painter and engraver. With Lucas, Dutch painting of scenes from daily life may be said to…

Sismondi, Jean Charles Léonard Simonde de

(Encyclopedia) Sismondi, Jean Charles Léonard Simonde deSismondi, Jean Charles Léonard Simonde dezhäN shärl lāônärˈ sēmôNdˈ də sēsmôNdēˈ [key], 1773–1842, Swiss historian, economist, and critic. A…

Andrew ADAMS, Congress, CT (1736-1797)

ADAMS, Andrew, a Delegate from Connecticut; born in Stratford, Conn., January 7, 1736; pursued preparatory studies; was graduated from Yale College in 1760; studied law, and was admitted to…

Benjamin ADAMS, Congress, MA (1764-1837)

ADAMS Benjamin , a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Mendon, Mass., December 16, 1764; attended the public schools and was graduated from Brown University in 1788; studied law; was…