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folkways

(Encyclopedia) folkways, term coined by William Graham Sumner in his treatise Folkways (1906) to denote those group habits that are common to a society or culture and are usually called customs. The…

monorail

(Encyclopedia) monorail, railway system that uses cars that run on a single rail. Typically the rail is run overhead and the cars are either suspended from it or run above it. Driving power is…

Morandi, Giorgio

(Encyclopedia) Morandi, GiorgioMorandi, Giorgiojôrˈjō môränˈdē [key], 1890–1964, Italian painter and etcher, b. Bologna. He studied at that city's Fine Arts Academy (grad. 1913) and from 1930 to 1954…

brazilwood

(Encyclopedia) brazilwood, common name for several trees of the family Leguminosae (pulse family) whose wood yields a red dye. The dye has largely been replaced by synthetic dyes for fabrics, but it…

bookplate

(Encyclopedia) bookplate, label pasted in a book to indicate ownership, also called ex libris [Lat.,=from the books of]. The bookplate is usually of paper on which heraldic or other designs are…

Cannon, Annie Jump

(Encyclopedia) Cannon, Annie Jump, 1863–1941, American astronomer, b. Dover, Del. In 1897 she became an assistant in the Harvard College Observatory, where (1911–38) she was astronomer and curator of…

Cahors

(Encyclopedia) Cahors Cahors käôrˈ [key], town, capital of Lot dept., S central France, in Quercy, on the Lot…

Carmichael, Hoagy

(Encyclopedia) Carmichael, HoagyCarmichael, Hoagyhōˈgē [key] (Hoagland Howard Carmichael), 1899–1981, American songwriter, pianist, and singer, b. Bloomington, Ind. While still a student at Indiana…

Ahvaz

(Encyclopedia) Ahvaz or Ahwaz Ahwaz both: äwäzˈ [key], city, SW Iran, on the Karun River. It is an oil center, a transportation hub, and an industrial city that has…

Watling Street

(Encyclopedia) Watling StreetWatling Streetwŏtˈlĭng [key], important ancient road in England, built by the Romans in the course of their military occupation. It ran from London generally north to the…