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Langland, William

(Encyclopedia) Langland, William, c.1332–c.1400, putative author of Piers Plowman. He was born probably at Ledbury near the Welsh marshes and may have gone to school at Great Malvern Priory. Although…

corporal punishment

(Encyclopedia) corporal punishment, physical chastisement of an offender. At one extreme it includes the death penalty (see capital punishment), but the term usually refers to punishments like…

Della Robbia

(Encyclopedia) Della RobbiaDella Robbiadĕlˌə rŏbˈēə, Ital. dĕlˈlä rôbˈbyä [key], Florentine family of sculptors and ceramists famous for their enameled terra-cotta or faience. Many of the Della…

carpentry

(Encyclopedia) carpentry, trade concerned with constructing wood buildings, the wooden portions of buildings, or the temporary timberwork used during the construction of buildings. It comprises the…

Barbari, Jacopo de'

(Encyclopedia) Barbari, Jacopo de'Barbari, Jacopo de'yäˈkōpō dā bärbäˈrē [key], c.1440–1516, Germano-Dutch painter and engraver, b. Venice. Barbari was a major link between North European and Italian…

Pitcairn, John

(Encyclopedia) Pitcairn, JohnPitcairn, Johnpĭtˈkârn [key], 1722–75, British royal marine officer in the American Revolution. Major Pitcairn commanded the advance guard of the British troops at…

strychnine

(Encyclopedia) strychninestrychninestrĭkˈnĭn [key], bitter alkaloid drug derived from the seeds of a tree, Strychnos nux-vomica, native to Sri Lanka, Australia, and India. It has been used as a rat…

Sparks

(Encyclopedia) Sparks, city (1990 pop. 53,367), Washoe co., W Nev., just E of Reno; inc. 1905. The Southern Pacific RR was the major employer until the dieselization of railroad engines forced the…

Smith, Gipsy

(Encyclopedia) Smith, Gipsy, 1860–1947, English evangelist, originally named Rodney Smith, b. Wanstead. His father, a Romani (Gypsy), was also an evangelist. When Rodney was still a youth he became a…

Quezaltenango

(Encyclopedia) QuezaltenangoQuezaltenangokāsältānängˈgō [key], city (1994 est. pop. 90,801), SW Guatemala. The city is the metropolis of the western highlands (it is 7,500 ft/2,286 m above sea level…