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Helsinki Conference

(Encyclopedia) Helsinki Conference: see Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe.

secret police

(Encyclopedia) secret police, policing organization operating in secrecy for the political purposes of its government, often with terroristic procedures. Many states, including Chile, Iran, Iraq,…

old-age pension

(Encyclopedia) old-age pension: see pension; social security.

Scowcroft, Brent

(Encyclopedia) Scowcroft, Brent, 1925–2020, U.S. air force general and government official, b. Ogden, Utah, B.S. United States Military Academy, 1947, Ph.D. Columbia, 1967. From 1947 to 1975, he…

Bundy, McGeorge

(Encyclopedia) Bundy, McGeorge, 1919–96, U.S. educator and government official, b. Boston. An Army intelligence officer during World War II, he was on the Harvard faculty 1949–61, becoming the…

pension

(Encyclopedia) pension, periodic payments to one who has retired from work because of age or disability. Pensions, originally thought of as charity, are now viewed as an essential part of the social…

Sargsyan, Serzh

(Encyclopedia) Sargsyan or Sarkisyan, Serzh, 1954–, Armenian political leader, president (2008–18) and prime minister (2007–8, 2018) of Armenia, b. Nagorno-Karabakh. He served in the Soviet armed…

Napolitano, Janet Ann

(Encyclopedia) Napolitano, Janet Ann,, 1957 - , American politican and university administrator, b. New York, N.Y., Santa Clara (Ca.) Univ. (B.A…

Kirk, Norman Eric

(Encyclopedia) Kirk, Norman Eric, 1923–74, New Zealand political leader. A Labour party member, he rose in New Zealand politics, entering Parliament in 1957, and becoming vice president (1963) and…