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Abdel Aziz, Mohamed Ould

(Encyclopedia) Abdel Aziz, Mohamed Ould, 1956–, Mauritanian military and political leader, president of Mauritania (2009–19). A career army officer, he rose through the ranks to become chief of staff…

Kania, Stanisław

(Encyclopedia) Kania, StanisławKania, Stanisławstənēēˈswäf käˈnyə [key], 1927–2020, Polish political leader. He joined the Communist party in 1945, becoming a member of the Central Committee in 1968…

John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

(Encyclopedia) John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, philanthropic institution founded 1978 by John D. MacArthur (1897–1978), owner of a prominent insurance company and other businesses, and…

Armey, Dick

(Encyclopedia) Armey, Dick (Richard Keith Armey)Armey, Dickärˈmē [key], 1940–, U.S. congressman, b. Cando, N.Dak., grad. Jamestown College, Univ. of Oklahoma (Ph.D.). A Republican and former…

Endara Galimany, Guillermo David

(Encyclopedia) Endara Galimany, Guillermo David, 1936–2009, Panamanian political leader. A lawyer and supporter of Arnulfo Arias, he served in the national assembly and was (1968) minister of…

Buchanan, James McGill, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Buchanan, James McGill, Jr., 1919–2012, American economist, b. Murfreesboro, Tenn., Ph.D. Univ. of Chicago, 1948. After teaching at the universities of Tennessee, Florida State,…

Brown, Harold

(Encyclopedia) Brown, Harold, 1927–2019, American nuclear physicist and government official, b. New York City, Ph.D. Columbia, 1949. He joined (1952) the staff of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (…

Titulescu, Nicholas

(Encyclopedia) Titulescu, NicholasTitulescu, Nicholastēt&oomacr;lĕˈsk&oomacr; [key], 1882?–1941, Romanian statesman. A professor of law at Bucharest Univ., he was finance minister (1917, 1920…

Tannenbaum, Frank

(Encyclopedia) Tannenbaum, Frank, 1893–1969, American historian, b. Austria. He received his Ph.D. from the Brookings School of Economics in 1927. After an early career as a labor leader, journalist…

Tardieu, André

(Encyclopedia) Tardieu, AndréTardieu, AndréäNdrāˈ tärdyöˈ [key], 1876–1945, French statesman and journalist. He became (1905) chief political editor of the Temps, was elected (1914) a deputy, and was…