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Dove, Rita

(Encyclopedia) Dove, Rita, 1952–, American poet, b. Akron, Ohio, studied Iowa Writers' Workshop (M.F.A., 1977). Her first poetry collection, Ten Poems, was published in 1977. Her verse is at once…

Safire, William L.

(Encyclopedia) Safire, William L.Safire, William L.săfˈīrˌ [key], 1929–2009, American journalist and speechwriter, b. New York City as William Safir. A former reporter and public-relations executive…

Schwartz, Anna Jacobson

(Encyclopedia) Schwartz, Anna Jacobson, 1915–2012, American research economist and financial historian, b. the Bronx, N.Y., grad. Barnard (B.A. 1934), Columbia (M.A. 1935, Ph.D. 1964). An outstanding…

Barnard, Christiaan Neethling

(Encyclopedia) Barnard, Christiaan NeethlingBarnard, Christiaan Neethlingkrĭsˈtēänˌ nāˈᵺĭng bärˈnərd [key], 1922–2001, South African surgeon. The son of a Dutch Reformed minister, Barnard studied…

Witz, Conrad

(Encyclopedia) Witz, ConradWitz, Conradkônˈrät vĭts [key], fl. c.1434–c.1447, German painter, active at Basel and Geneva. Many of the works attributed to him, such as The Synagogue and the Meeting of…

diary

(Encyclopedia) diary [Lat.,=day], a daily record of events and observations. As distinguished from memoir (an account of events placed in perspective by the author long after they have occurred), the…

oligarchy

(Encyclopedia) oligarchyoligarchyŏlˈəgärkē [key] [Gr.,=rule by the few], rule by a few members of a community or group. When referring to governments, the classical definition of oligarchy, as given…

mandala

(Encyclopedia) mandalamandalamŭnˈdələ [key], [Skt.,=circular, round] a concentric diagram having spiritual and ritual significance in Hindu and Buddhist Tantrism. The mandala may have derived from…

Sapir, Edward

(Encyclopedia) Sapir, EdwardSapir, Edwardsəpērˈ [key], 1884–1939, American linguist and anthropologist, b. Pomerania. Sapir was brought to the United States in 1889. After teaching at the Univ. of…

Castagno, Andrea del

(Encyclopedia) Castagno, Andrea delCastagno, Andrea deländrĕˈä dĕl kästäˈnyō [key], c.1423–1457, major Florentine painter of the early Renaissance. His first recorded painting (1440; now destroyed),…