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binary system

(Encyclopedia) binary system, numeration system based on powers of 2, in contrast to the familiar decimal system, which is based on powers of 10. In the binary system, only the digits 0 and 1 are…

Avogadro, Amedeo, conte di Quaregna

(Encyclopedia) Avogadro, Amedeo, conte di QuaregnaAvogadro, Amedeo, conte di Quaregnaämādāˈō kônˈtā dē kwärāˈnyä ävōgäˈdrō [key], 1776–1856, Italian physicist, b. Turin. He became professor of…

scalar

(Encyclopedia) scalar, quantity or number possessing only sign and magnitude, e.g., the real numbers (see number), in contrast to vectors and tensors; scalars obey the rules of elementary algebra.…

e, in mathematics

(Encyclopedia) e, in mathematics, irrational number occurring widely in mathematics and science, approximately equal to the value 2.71828; it is the base of natural, or Naperian, logarithms. The…

meiosis

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Formation of sperm cells through meiosis meiosismeiosismīŏˈsĭs [key], process of nuclear division in a living cell by which the number of chromosomes is reduced to half the…