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slate

(Encyclopedia) slate, fine-grained rock formed when sedimentary rocks such as shale are metamorphosed by great pressure. Slate splits into perfectly cleaved, broad thin layers; this…

state flowers

(Encyclopedia) state flowers. Each state of the United States has designated, usually by legislative action, one flower as its floral emblem; the rose has been designated by Congress as the national…

William II, king of England

(Encyclopedia) William II or William RufusWilliam IIr&oomacr;ˈfus [key], d. 1100, king of England (1087–1100), son and successor of William I. He was called William Rufus or William the Red…

Gruening, Ernest Henry

(Encyclopedia) Gruening, Ernest HenryGruening, Ernest Henrygrēnˈĭng [key], 1887–1974, American political leader, governor of Alaska (1939–53), and U.S. Senator (1959–69), b. New York City. He became…

harp seal

(Encyclopedia) harp seal, crested earless, or true, seal, Phoca groenlandica, found in the N Atlantic around Greenland and the White Sea. In the spring, harp seals migrate southward to assemble in…

lumber

(Encyclopedia) lumber, term for timber that has been cut into boards for use as a building material. The major steps in producing lumber involve logging (the felling and preparation of timber for…

Bond, William Cranch

(Encyclopedia) Bond, William Cranch, 1789–1859, American astronomer, b. Portland, Maine. He early aided his father in the trades of silversmith and clockmaker in Boston. He soon became an expert in…

Fastolf, Sir John

(Encyclopedia) Fastolf, Sir JohnFastolf, Sir Johnfăsˈtŏlf [key], 1378?–1459, English soldier. He won distinction for his long service in the latter part of the Hundred Years War. He was knighted some…

Morton, Thomas

(Encyclopedia) Morton, Thomas, fl. 1622–47, English trader and adventurer in New England. He visited New England in 1622 and returned in 1625 with Captain Wollaston, who founded a settlement at Mt.…

Preble, Edward

(Encyclopedia) Preble, EdwardPreble, Edwardprĕbˈəl [key], 1761–1807, American naval officer, b. Falmouth (now Portland), Maine. In the American Revolution he ran away from home to serve on a…