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Nahas Pasha

(Encyclopedia) Nahas Pasha (Mustafa Nahas Pasha)Nahas Pashanähäsˈ päˈshä [key], 1876–1965, Egyptian statesman, leader (1927–52) of the Wafd party. He was premier five times between 1928 and 1952.…

Mwinyi, Ali Hassan

(Encyclopedia) Mwinyi, Ali Hassan, 1925–, Tanzanian political leader. Entering politics in 1963, Mwinyi held government positions in Zanzibar, then several Tanzanian government posts (1970–84),…

Malik, Adam

(Encyclopedia) Malik, AdamMalik, Adammälˈēk [key], 1917–84, Indonesian government official. A militant nationalist as a youth, he helped to found a news bureau that eventually became the official…

Consulate

(Encyclopedia) Consulate, 1799–1804, in French history, form of government established after the coup of 18 Brumaire (Nov. 9–10, 1799), which ended the Directory. Three consuls were appointed to rule…

Demirel, Süleyman

(Encyclopedia) Demirel, SüleymanDemirel, Süleymansülāmänˈ dĕmĭrĕlˈ [key], 1924–2015, Turkish political leader, prime minister and president of Turkey. A successful engineer, he became leader of the…

Ciampi, Carlo Azeglio

(Encyclopedia) Ciampi, Carlo Azeglio, 1920–2016, Italian banker and political leader, b. Livorno, grad. Scuola Normale Superiore de Pisa (1941), Univ. of Pisa (1946). He joined the Bank of Italy (…

Dykstra, Clarence Addison

(Encyclopedia) Dykstra, Clarence AddisonDykstra, Clarence Addisondīkˈstrə [key], 1883–1950, American educator and civic administrator, b. Cleveland, grad. Univ. of Iowa, 1903. After graduate work at…

Dodoma

(Encyclopedia) Dodoma Dodoma dōˈdəmä [key], municipality (2021 pop. 292,637), capital of Tanzania, central…

Fraser, Malcolm

(Encyclopedia) Fraser, Malcolm (John Malcolm Fraser), 1930–2015, Australian political leader and prime minister (1975–83). A graduate of Oxford (1952), he entered the Australian parliament as a…

Heilbroner, Robert Louis

(Encyclopedia) Heilbroner, Robert LouisHeilbroner, Robert Louishīlˈbrōˌnər [key], 1919–2005, American economist, b. New York City, grad. Harvard, 1940, Ph.D., New School for Social Research, 1963. A…