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hundred

(Encyclopedia) hundred, in English history, a subdivision of a shire, first mentioned in the 10th cent. and surviving as a unit of local government into the 19th cent. It is thought that in origin…

Halifax, Charles Montagu, earl of

(Encyclopedia) Halifax, Charles Montagu, earl ofHalifax, Charles Montagu, earl ofhălˈəfăks [key], 1661–1715, English statesman. He and Matthew Prior were coauthors of a parody of John Dryden's The…

Trichet, Jean-Claude

(Encyclopedia) Trichet, Jean-ClaudeTrichet, Jean-ClaudezhäN-klōd trēˈshĕ [key], 1942–, French banker and government official, b. Lyons. During the 1970s Trichet held a number of French finance and…

Godwin, William

(Encyclopedia) Godwin, William, 1756–1836, English author and political philosopher. A minister in his youth, he was, however, plagued by religious doubts and gave up preaching in 1783 for a literary…

Walsingham, Sir Francis

(Encyclopedia) Walsingham, Sir FrancisWalsingham, Sir Franciswôlˈsĭng-əm [key], 1532?–1590, English statesman. A zealous Protestant, he went abroad during the reign of Queen Mary I but returned on…

Stanhope, James Stanhope, 1st Earl

(Encyclopedia) Stanhope, James Stanhope, 1st Earl, 1673–1721, English general and statesman. During the War of the Spanish Succession he participated in the capture (1705) of Barcelona, was appointed…

Dawes Plan

(Encyclopedia) Dawes Plan, presented in 1924 by the committee headed (1923–24) by Charles G. Dawes to the Reparations Commission of the Allied nations. It was accepted the same year by Germany and…

Boutwell, George Sewall

(Encyclopedia) Boutwell, George SewallBoutwell, George Sewalls&oomacr;ˈəl boutˈwəl, –wĕl [key], 1818–1905, American politician, b. Brookline, Mass. He served seven terms in the Massachusetts…

Penn, William, founder of Pennsylvania

(Encyclopedia) Penn, William, 1644–1718, English Quaker, founder of Pennsylvania, b. London, England; son of Sir William Penn. Penn became involved in the affairs of the American colonies when in…

Enron Corporation

(Encyclopedia) Enron Corporation, U.S. company that in 2001 became the largest bankruptcy and stock collapse in U.S. history up to that time. The company was formed in 1985 when InterNorth purchased…