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Aldanov, Mark

(Encyclopedia) Aldanov, MarkAldanov, Markmärk əldäˈnəf [key], pseud. of Mark Aleksandrovich LandauMark Aleksandrovich Landauəlyĭksänˈdrəvyĭch ləndouˈ [key], 1886–1957, Russian writer. Aldanov earned…

Hawks, Howard

(Encyclopedia) Hawks, Howard (Howard Winchester Hawks), 1896–1977, American film director, b. Goshen, Ind. Although not as well known as such contemporaries as John Ford and Alfred Hitchcock, he has…

Hauptmann, Gerhart

(Encyclopedia) Hauptmann, GerhartHauptmann, Gerhartgĕrˈhärt houptˈmän [key], 1862–1946, German dramatist, novelist, and poet. He showed the influence of the theories of Zola and the plays of Ibsen in…

Breasted, James Henry

(Encyclopedia) Breasted, James HenryBreasted, James Henrybrĕsˈtĭd [key], 1865–1935, American Egyptologist, b. Rockford, Ill., grad. North Central College, 1888, M.A. Yale, 1891, Ph.D. Univ. of Berlin…

sequoia

(Encyclopedia) sequoiasequoiasĭkwoiˈə [key], name for the redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and for the big tree, or giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), both huge, coniferous evergreen trees of…

Farah, Nuruddin

(Encyclopedia) Farah, Nuruddin, 1945–, Somali novelist, playwright, and essayist. Educated in Ethiopia, India, and England, he writes in English. His first novel, From a Crooked Rib (1970), was about…

liturgy, Islamic

(Encyclopedia) liturgy, Islamic, mandatory ritual prayer in Islam (salat) is performed five times a day at dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and night. It requires ritual cleanliness, and is preceded by…

Ernst, Max

(Encyclopedia) Ernst, MaxErnst, Maxmäks ĕrnst [key] 1891–1976, German painter. After World War I, Ernst joined the Dada movement in Paris and then became a founder of surrealism. Apart from the…

Palmer, Josephine

(Encyclopedia) Mpama, Josie 1903–1979, anti-apartheid activist. Mpama was a pioneer of women's rights in South Africa and a labor…