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Katyn

(Encyclopedia) KatynKatynkətĭnˈ [key], village, W central European Russia, 12 mi (19 km) W of Smolensk. During World War II, when it was part of the USSR, it was occupied by the Germans in Aug., 1941…

Livonian Brothers of the Sword

(Encyclopedia) Livonian Brothers of the Sword or Livonian KnightsLivonian Knightslĭvōˈnēən [key], German military and religious order, founded in 1202 by Bishop Albert of Livonia for the purpose of…

Cline, Patsy

(Encyclopedia) Cline, Patsy, 1932–63, American country singer, b. Winchester, Va., as Virginia Patterson Hensley. She began singing locally while still in her teens and signed her first recording…

Sander, August

(Encyclopedia) Sander, AugustSander, Augustouˈg&oobreve;st zänˈdər [key], 1876–1964, Austrian photographer. During his long life Sander made a remarkable composite portrait of the German people.…

badlands

(Encyclopedia) badlands, area of severe erosion, usually found in semiarid climates and characterized by countless gullies, steep ridges, and sparse vegetation. Badland topography is formed on poorly…

Sussex

(Encyclopedia) Sussex, former county, SE England, since 1888 divided for administrative purposes into East Sussex and West Sussex. Lewes is the county seat of East Sussex; Chichester of West Sussex.…

Fathers of the Church

(Encyclopedia) Fathers of the Church, collective name for the Christian writers of early times whose work is considered generally orthodox. A convenient definition includes all such writers up to and…

fund-raising

(Encyclopedia) fund-raising, large-scale soliciting of voluntary contributions, especially in the United States. Fund-raising is widely undertaken by charitable organizations, educational…

Bering Strait

(Encyclopedia) Bering Strait, c.55 mi (90 km) wide, between extreme NE Asia and extreme NW North America, connecting the Arctic Ocean and the Bering Sea. It is usually completely frozen over from…

Bolcom, William

(Encyclopedia) Bolcom, William (William Elden Bolcom), 1938–, American composer, b. Seattle, Wash. He attended the Univ. of Washington (B.A., 1958) and studied composition at Mills College and…