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Shapley, Lloyd Stowell

(Encyclopedia) Shapley, Lloyd StowellShapley, Lloyd Stowellshăpˈlē [key], 1923–2016, American mathematician and economist, b. Cambridge, Mass., Ph.D Princeton, 1953; son of Harlow Shapley. He worked…

Shekinah

(Encyclopedia) ShekinahShekinahshēkīˈnə [key] [Heb.,=dwelling, presence], in Judaism, term used in the Targum (Aramaic translation of the Hebrew Bible) and elsewhere to indicate the manifestation of…

police power

(Encyclopedia) police power, in law, right of a government to make laws necessary for the health, morals, and welfare of the populace. The term has greatest currency in the United States, where it…

aristocracy

(Encyclopedia) aristocracyaristocracyărˌĭstŏkˈrəsē [key] [Gr.,=rule by the best], in political science, government by a social elite. In the West the political concept of aristocracy derives from…

Panofsky, Erwin

(Encyclopedia) Panofsky, ErwinPanofsky, Erwinpănŏfˈskē [key], 1892–1968, American art historian, b. Germany, Ph.D. Univ. of Freiburg, 1914. After teaching (1921–33) at the Univ. of Hamburg and…

Pareto, Vilfredo

(Encyclopedia) Pareto, VilfredoPareto, Vilfredovēlfrĕˈdō pärĕˈtō [key], 1848–1923, Italian economist and sociologist, b. Paris, of an exiled noble family that returned to Italy in 1858. He studied…

clan

(Encyclopedia) clan, social group based on actual or alleged unilineal descent from a common ancestor. Such groups have been known in all parts of the world and include some that claim the parentage…

electrostatics

(Encyclopedia) electrostatics, study of phenomena associated with charged bodies at rest (see charge; electricity). A charged body has an excess of positive or negative charges, a condition usually…

foster care

(Encyclopedia) foster care, generally, care of children on a full-time, temporary basis by persons other than their own parents. Also known as boarding-home care, foster care is intended to offer a…

Césaire, Aimé

(Encyclopedia) Césaire, Aimé (Aimé Fernand Césaire)Césaire, Aiméĕmāˈ fĕrnäNˈ sāzârˈ [key], 1913–2008, West Indian poet and essayist who wrote in French. After studying in Paris he became concerned…