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humanism

(Encyclopedia) humanism, philosophical and literary movement in which man and his capabilities are the central concern. The term was originally restricted to a point of view prevalent among thinkers…

swine fever

(Encyclopedia) swine fever: see African swine fever; classical swine fever.

Cary, Henry Francis

(Encyclopedia) Cary, Henry Francis, 1772–1844, English translator. A graduate of Christ Church College, Oxford, he was assistant librarian in the British Museum from 1826 to 1837. He translated…

Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel

(Encyclopedia) Bach, Carl Philipp EmanuelBach, Carl Philipp Emanuelfēˈlĭp ĕmäˈn&oomacr;ĕl [key]Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel bäkh [key], 1714–88, German composer; second son of J. S. Bach, his only…

Fiedler, Arthur

(Encyclopedia) Fiedler, Arthur, 1894–1979, American conductor, b. Brookline, Mass. Fiedler, who ultimately became a grandfatherly American musical icon, studied violin with his father, a member of…

Grappelli, Stéphane

(Encyclopedia) Grappelli, Stéphane, 1908–97, French jazz violinist, b. Paris. Trained at the Paris Conservatory as a classical violinist, he became enamored of American jazz and devoted himself to…

photoelectric effect

(Encyclopedia) photoelectric effect, emission of electrons by substances, especially metals, when light falls on their surfaces. The effect was discovered by H. R. Hertz in 1887. The failure of the…

supply and demand

(Encyclopedia) supply and demand, in classical economics, factors that are said to determine price, by correlating the amount of a given commodity producers hope to sell at a certain price (supply),…