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fertility rites

(Encyclopedia) fertility rites, magico-religious ceremonies to insure an abundance of food and the birth of children. The rites, expressed through dances, prayers, incantations, and sacred dramas,…

Coptic art

(Encyclopedia) Coptic art, Christian art in the upper Nile valley of Egypt. Reaching its mature phase in the late 5th and 6th cent., the development of Coptic art was interrupted by the Arab conquest…

Géricault, Jean Louis André Théodore

(Encyclopedia) Géricault, Jean Louis André ThéodoreGéricault, Jean Louis André ThéodorezhäN lwē äNdrāˈ tāōdôrˈ zhārēkōˈ [key], 1791–1824, French painter. He studied with Antoine Vernet and with…

Friedan, Betty Naomi

(Encyclopedia) Friedan, Betty NaomiFriedan, Betty Naomifrēdănˈ [key], 1921–2006, American social reformer and feminist, b. Peoria, Ill. as Bettye Goldstein, educated at Smith College (B.A., 1942) and…

Giovanni di Paolo

(Encyclopedia) Giovanni di PaoloGiovanni di Paolojōvänˈnē dē päˈōlō [key], c.1403–1483, major Italian painter of the Sienese school. Typical of the Sienese painters of his era, he paid scant…

Gillard, Julia Eileen

(Encyclopedia) Gillard, Julia EileenGillard, Julia Eileengĭˈlärd [key], 1961–, Australian political leader, b. Barry, Wales, B.A., LL.B. Univ. of Melbourne 1986. Gillard, who immigrated to Australia…

Grandin, Temple

(Encyclopedia) Grandin, Temple, 1947–, American animal scientist and industrial designer, b. Boston, grad. Franklin Pierce College (B.A., 1970), Arizona State Univ. (M.S., 1975), Univ. of Illinois (…

Hemings, Sally

(Encyclopedia) Hemings, Sally, 1773–1835, African-American slave owned by Thomas Jefferson, b. Charles City co., Va.; her original name was probably Sarah. Her father was John Wayles, Jefferson's…

Krakatoa

(Encyclopedia) KrakatoaKrakatoakrākətōˈə, krä– [key] or KrakatauKrakataukräkätouˈ [key], volcanic island, c.5 sq mi (13 sq km), W Indonesia, in Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra; rising to 2,667…

Knausgård, Karl Ove

(Encyclopedia) Knausgård or Knausgaard, Karl Ove, 1968–, Norwegian writer, b. Oslo grad. Univ. of Bergen. He is best known for his six-volume autobiographical work, Min Kamp (2009–11, tr. My Struggle…