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liquid air

(Encyclopedia) liquid air, ordinary air that has been liquefied by compression and cooling to extremely low temperatures (see liquefaction). Its commercial preparation involves purification by…

Fahrenheit temperature scale

(Encyclopedia) Fahrenheit temperature scaleFahrenheit temperature scalefârˈənhītˌ [key], temperature scale in which the temperature difference between two reference temperatures, the melting and…

phase diagram

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Phase diagram for a substance, like water, which expands on freezing phase diagram, graph that shows the relation between the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of a substance (…

kerosene

(Encyclopedia) kerosene or kerosine, colorless, thin mineral oil whose density is between 0.75 and 0.85 grams per cubic centimeter. A mixture of hydrocarbons, it is commonly obtained in the…

Paré, Ambroise

(Encyclopedia) Paré, AmbroiseParé, AmbroiseäNbrwäzˈ pärāˈ [key], c.1510–1590, French surgeon. Serving in the army, he revived the use of ligature instead of cautery with boiling oil and continued to…

Onondaga Lake

(Encyclopedia) Onondaga LakeOnondaga Lakeŏnəndäˈgə, –dôˈ– [key], brackish lake, 5 mi (8 km) long and 1 mi (1.6 km) wide, central N.Y., NW of Syracuse. In 1654, Father LeMoyne, a missionary, was taken…

liquefied petroleum gas

(Encyclopedia) liquefied petroleum gas or LPG, mixture of gases, chiefly propane and butane, produced commercially from petroleum and stored under pressure to keep it in a liquid state. The boiling…

ethanol

(Encyclopedia) ethanolethanolĕthˈənōlˌ [key] or ethyl alcohol, CH3CH2OH, a colorless liquid with characteristic odor and taste; commonly called grain alcohol or simply alcohol. Ethanol is used…

water glass

(Encyclopedia) water glass or soluble glass, colorless, transparent, glasslike substance available commercially as a powder or as a transparent, viscous solution in water. Chemically it is sodium…