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Esaki, Leo

(Encyclopedia) Esaki, Leo, 1925–, Japanese physicist, Ph.D. Univ. of Tokyo, 1959. Esaki was a researcher with IBM from 1960 until his retirement in 1992. He then served (1992–98) as president of the…

Jones, Anson

(Encyclopedia) Jones, Anson, 1798–1858, last president of the Texas republic (1844–46), b. Seekonk section of Great Barrington, Mass. He studied medicine and after an itinerant business and medical…

Jackson, Helen (Fiske) Hunt

(Encyclopedia) Jackson, Helen (Fiske) Hunt, 1830–85, American writer whose pseudonym was H. H., b. Amherst, Mass. She was a lifelong friend of Emily Dickinson. In 1863, encouraged by T. W. Higginson…

Lomonosov, Mikhail Vasilyevich

(Encyclopedia) Lomonosov, Mikhail VasilyevichLomonosov, Mikhail Vasilyevichmēkhəyēlˈ vəsēˈlyəvĭch ləmənôˈsəf [key], 1711–65, Russian scientist, scholar, and writer, an outstanding figure in 18th-…

Liman von Sanders, Otto

(Encyclopedia) Liman von Sanders, OttoLiman von Sanders, Ottoôˈtō lēˈmän fən zänˈdərs [key], 1855–1929, German general. In 1913 he was made head of the German military mission to Constantinople to…

Parkhurst, Charles Henry

(Encyclopedia) Parkhurst, Charles Henry, 1842–1933, American clergyman and reformer, b. Framingham, Mass., grad. Amherst 1866, and studied theology at Halle and Leipzig. He was pastor of the…

Albert, German churchman

(Encyclopedia) Albert, 1490–1545, German churchman, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. A member of the house of Brandenburg, he became (1514) archbishop of Mainz. Because Albert was underage,…

De Sanctis, Francesco

(Encyclopedia) De Sanctis, FrancescoDe Sanctis, Francescofränchāsˈkō dā sängkˈtēs [key], 1817–83, Italian historian and literary critic. He was one of the founders of modern Italian literary…

Tung Chee-hwa

(Encyclopedia) Tung Chee-hwa, 1937–, Hong Kong business and political leader, b. Shanghai. The son of C. Y. Tung, a businessman who left China as the Communists were coming to power, Tung entered the…