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Gideon v. Wainwright

(Encyclopedia) Gideon v. Wainwright, case decided in 1963 by the U.S. Supreme Court. Clarence Earl Gideon was convicted of a felony in a Florida court. He had defended himself after being denied a…

Gorsuch, Neil McGill

(Encyclopedia) Gorsuch, Neil McGill, 1967–, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (2017–), b. Denver. A graduate of Harvard Law School (1991), he clerked for Supreme Court Justice Kennedy and…

Chauncey Judd: Newgate

Retribution Prison Life Newgate The old copper mine in what is now Granby, part of the ancient town of Simsbury, used for about half a century as a state prison, and named from the…

Munn v. Illinois

(Encyclopedia) Munn v. Illinois, case decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1876. Munn, a partner in a Chicago warehouse firm, had been found guilty by an Illinois court of violating the state laws…

Fortas, Abe

(Encyclopedia) Fortas, AbeFortas, Abefôrˈtəs [key], 1910–82, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1965–69), b. Memphis, Tenn. After receiving his law degree from Yale in 1933, he taught there…

atrium

(Encyclopedia) atriumatriumāˈtrēəm [key], term for an interior court in Roman domestic architecture and also for a type of entrance court in early Christian churches. The Roman atrium was an unroofed…

Marbury v. Madison

(Encyclopedia) Marbury v. Madison, case decided in 1803 by the U.S. Supreme Court. William Marbury had been commissioned justice of the peace in the District of Columbia by President John Adams in…

White, Edward Douglass

(Encyclopedia) White, Edward Douglass, 1845–1921, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1894–1910), 9th chief justice of the United States (1910–21), b. Lafourche parish, La. He attended the…

Blackmun, Harry Andrew

(Encyclopedia) Blackmun, Harry AndrewBlackmun, Harry Andrewblăkˈmən [key], 1908–99, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1970–94), b. Nashville, Ill. Educated at Harvard, he practiced law…