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Moorish art and architecture

(Encyclopedia) Moorish art and architecture, branch of Islamic art and architecture developed in the westernmost lands of the Muslims, known as the Maghreb: N Africa and Spain. The Great Mosque at Al…

Arabs

(Encyclopedia) Arabs, name originally applied to the Semitic peoples of the Arabian Peninsula. It now refers to those persons whose primary language is Arabic. They constitute most of the population…

Moriscos

(Encyclopedia) MoriscosMoriscosmôrĭsˈkōz [key] [Span.,=Moorish], Moors converted to Christianity after the Christian reconquest (11th–15th cent.) of Spain. The Moors who had become subjects of…

liturgy, Islamic

(Encyclopedia) liturgy, Islamic, mandatory ritual prayer in Islam (salat) is performed five times a day at dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and night. It requires ritual cleanliness, and is preceded by…

Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr

  The month of fasting For more on Islamic history and culture, see the Islam Primer. For more than a billion Muslims, Ramadan is a time of prayer, fasting, and charity. Related Links Major Islamic…

Sabbath

(Encyclopedia) Sabbath [Heb.,=repose], in Judaism, last day of the week (Saturday), observed as a rest day for the twenty-five hours commencing with sundown on Friday. In the biblical account of…

Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah

(Encyclopedia) Khomeini, Ayatollah RuhollahKhomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollahkhōmāˈnē [key], 1900–1989, Iranian Shiite religious leader. Educated in Islam at home and in theological schools, in the 1950s…

John of Damascus, Saint

(Encyclopedia) John of Damascus, Saint, or Saint John DamasceneSaint John Damascenedămˈəsēn [key], c.675–c.749, Syrian theologian, Father of the Church and Doctor of the Church. He was brought up at…

Iqbal, Muhammad

(Encyclopedia) Iqbal, MuhammadIqbal, Muhammadməhămˈĭd ĭkhbälˈ [key], 1877–1938, Indian Muslim poet, philosopher, and political leader. He studied at Government College, Lahore, Cambridge, and the…