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Robertson, William

(Encyclopedia) Robertson, William, 1721–93, Scottish churchman and historian. As moderator (1762–80) of the general assembly of the Church of Scotland, he led the moderate party and enforced the…

William D. Coolidge

William D. CoolidgeBorn: 1873Birthplace: Hudson, Mass. Vacuum tube—Coolidge invented ductile tungsten, the filament material still used in incandescent lamps. He also invented the “Coolidge…

William Seward Burroughs

William Seward Burroughs Born: 1857Birthplace: Rochester, N.Y Calculating machine—In 1885 Burroughs submitted his first patent for his “calculating machine. ” This first model needed a…

Murphy, William Parry

(Encyclopedia) Murphy, William Parry, 1892–1987, American physician, b. Stoughton, Wis., M.D. Harvard, 1920. He taught at Harvard from 1923 and was associated with the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, in…

Freshfield, Douglas William

(Encyclopedia) Freshfield, Douglas William, 1845–1934, English explorer and mountaineer. A prominent member of the Royal Geographical Society, he did pioneer climbing in the Caucasus, the Himalayas,…

Cabinet Members Under G. H. W. Bush

Secretary of State James A. Baker 3d, 1989Lawrence S. Eagleburger, 1992Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady (Cont.)Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney, 1989Attorney General Richard L.…

Lee, William

(Encyclopedia) Lee, William, 1739–95, American Revolutionary diplomat, b. Westmoreland co., Va.; brother of Arthur Lee, Francis L. Lee, and Richard H. Lee. He opened a business house in London in…

Empson, William

(Encyclopedia) Empson, William, 1906–84, English critic and poet. His Seven Types of Ambiguity (1930), a study of the meanings of poetry, is a classic of modern literary criticism. It was followed by…

Blount, William

(Encyclopedia) Blount, William, 1749–1800, American political leader, b. near Windsor, N.C. He served in the American Revolution and later became a legislator in North Carolina, a member of the…

Osler, Sir William

(Encyclopedia) Osler, Sir WilliamOsler, Sir Williamōˈslər [key], 1849–1919, Canadian physician, M.D. McGill Univ., 1872. Renowned as a physician and as a medical historian, he was also the most…