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hajj

(Encyclopedia) hajjhajjhäj [key], the pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, one of the five basic requirements (arkan or “pillars”) of Islam. Its annual observance corresponds to the major holy day id…

commercial revolution

(Encyclopedia) commercial revolution, in European history, a fundamental change in the quantity and scope of commerce. In the later Middle Ages steady economic expansion had seen the rise of towns…

cosmetics

(Encyclopedia) cosmetics, preparations externally applied to change or enhance the beauty of skin, hair, nails, lips, and eyes. The use of body paint for ornamental and religious purposes has been…

Brewer's: The Adversary

Satan. (1 Peter v, 8.) Source: Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, E. Cobham Brewer, 1894AdvocateAdvent A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Related…

Sayles, John

(Encyclopedia) Sayles, John (John Thomas Sayles), 1950–, one of America's most influential independent filmmakers as well as a screenwriter, fiction writer, playwright, and actor, b. Schenectady, N.Y…

miniature painting

(Encyclopedia) miniature painting [Ital.,=artwork, especially manuscript initial letters, done with the red lead pigment minium; the word originally had no implication as to size]. In a general sense…

citrus fruits

(Encyclopedia) citrus fruits, widely used edible fruits of plants belonging to Citrus and related genera of the family Rutaceae (orange family). Included are the tangerine, citrange, tangelo, orange…

warship

(Encyclopedia) warship, any ship built or armed for naval combat. The forerunners of the modern warship were the men-of-war of the 18th and early 19th cent., such as the ship of the line, frigate,…

Brewer's: Advauncer

The second branches of a stag's horn. “In a hart the main horne itself they call the beame. The lowest antlier is called the brow-antlier; the next, roial; the next that, surroial; and…