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Jutland, battle of

(Encyclopedia) Jutland, battle of, only major engagement between the British and German fleets in World War I. They met c.60 mi (100 km) west of the coast of Jutland. On May 31, 1916, a British…

Nichiren

(Encyclopedia) NichirenNichirennĭchˈərən [key] [Jap.,=sun lotus], 1222–82, Japanese Buddhist priest, founder of Nichiren Buddhism. Of humble birth, Nichiren (whose given name was Zennichimaro) early…

Federmann, Nikolaus

(Encyclopedia) Federmann, NikolausFedermann, Nikolausnēˈkōlous fāˈdərmän [key], 1501–42, German adventurer in Venezuela and Colombia. In the service of the Welser brothers, Augsburg bankers to whom…

Heschel, Abraham Joshua

(Encyclopedia) Heschel, Abraham JoshuaHeschel, Abraham Joshuahĕshˈəl [key], 1907–72, American Jewish philosopher and theologian, b. Warsaw, Poland. He succeeded Martin Buber as director of the…

Carver, Jonathan

(Encyclopedia) Carver, Jonathan, 1710–80, American explorer, b. Weymouth, Mass. He served in the French and Indian War and in 1766 was hired by Robert Rogers to undertake a journey to some of the…

Weinberg, Steven

(Encyclopedia) Weinberg, Steven, 1933–, American nuclear physicist, b. New York City, Ph.D. Princeton, 1957. Since 1982 he has been a professor at the Univ. of Texas at Austin, having previously been…

passive resistance

(Encyclopedia) passive resistance a method of nonviolent protest against laws or policies in order to force a change or secure concessions; it is also known as nonviolent resistance and is the main…

Laxness, Halldór Kiljan

(Encyclopedia) Laxness, Halldór KiljanLaxness, Halldór Kiljanhälˈdōr kĭlˈyän läkhsˈnĕs [key], 1902–98, Icelandic novelist, b. Reykjavík as Halldór Kiljan Gudjónsson. Although Laxness was converted to…

Hsüan-tsang

(Encyclopedia) Hsüan-tsangHsüan-tsangshüän-dzäng [key], 605?–664, Chinese Buddhist scholar and translator. He early entered monastic life and later traveled in China, teaching and studying. Between…

John of Brienne

(Encyclopedia) John of BrienneJohn of Briennebrēĕnˈ [key], c.1170–1237, French crusader. He was a count and in 1210 married Mary, titular queen of Jerusalem. Mary died in 1212, and their daughter,…