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Cleveland, Barbara Villiers, duchess of

(Encyclopedia) Cleveland, Barbara Villiers, duchess ofCleveland, Barbara Villiers, duchess ofvĭlˈərz, vĭlˈyərz [key], 1641–1709, mistress of King Charles II of England. She became Charles's mistress…

Chalfie, Martin

(Encyclopedia) Chalfie, Martin, 1947–, American biologist, b. Chicago, Ph.D. Harvard, 1977. In 1982 Chalfie joined the faculty at Columbia, where he is now the William R. Kenan, Jr., Professor of…

Kirchner, Leon

(Encyclopedia) Kirchner, Leon, 1919–2009, American composer, b. Brooklyn, N.Y. Kirchner studied at the Univ. of California, Berkeley, with Ernest Bloch, Arnold Schoenberg, and Roger Sessions.…

John II, Byzantine emperor

(Encyclopedia) John II (John Comnenus)John IIkŏmnēˈnəs [key], 1088–1143, Byzantine emperor (1118–43), son and successor of Alexius I. He was crowned despite the intrigues of his sister, Anna Comnena…

Morgan, Edmund Sears

(Encyclopedia) Morgan, Edmund Sears, 1916–2013, U.S. historian, b. Minneapolis. After receiving his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1942, he taught at the Univ. of Chicago (1945–46) and at Brown (1946–55)…

New Milford

(Encyclopedia) New Milford. 1 Town (1990 pop. 23,629), Litchfield co., W Conn., on the Housatonic River; inc. 1712. Situated in a dairy region, its manufactures include paper products and electronic…

William II, king of Sicily

(Encyclopedia) William II (William the Good), c.1153–1189, king of Sicily (1166–89), son and successor of William I. He married (1177) Joan, daughter of Henry II of England. As an ally of Pope…

Szymanowski, Karol

(Encyclopedia) Szymanowski, KarolSzymanowski, Karolkäˈrôl shĭmänôfˈskē [key], 1882–1937, Polish composer; studied in Berlin and Warsaw. His early works show marked German, French, and Russian…

Ely, Isle of

(Encyclopedia) Ely, Isle of, region, Cambridgeshire, E central England. Ely is the chief town. The region has extensive fens, drained and devoted to the cultivation of sugar beets and vegetables.…

Guanabacoa

(Encyclopedia) GuanabacoaGuanabacoagwänäbäkōˈä [key], municipality (1986 est. pop. 95,500), Ciudad de La Habana prov., W Cuba, a residential and commercial suburb of Havana. Numerous mineral springs…