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Clement XI, pope
(Encyclopedia) Clement XI, 1649–1721, pope (1700–1721), an Italian (b. Urbino) named Giovanni Francesco Albani; successor of Innocent XII. He was known in his youth for his prodigious learning and…Brill
(Encyclopedia) Brill or Bril, Flemish painters, brothers. Mattys BrillMattys Brillmäˈtīs [key], 1550–83, went to Rome early in his career and executed frescoes for Gregory XIII in the Vatican. Paul…Ladislaus I, king of Hungary
(Encyclopedia) Ladislaus I or Saint LadislausSaint Ladislauslädˈĭslousˌ [key], 1040–95, king of Hungary (1077–95). He supported Pope Gregory VII against Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, but rejected…Boniface IX
(Encyclopedia) Boniface IX, c.1345–1404, pope (1389–1404), a Neapolitan named Pietro Tomacelli; successor of Urban VI. The Avignon antipopes Clement VII and Benedict XIII were his contemporaries…Canossa
(Encyclopedia) CanossaCanossakänôsˈsä [key], village, in Emilia-Romagna, N central Italy, in the Apennines. There are ruins of the 10th-century castle of the powerful feudal family that took its name…April Fools' Day: Origin and History
The uncertain origins of a foolish day Related Links History of the Gregorian calendar Calendar and Holidays Equinox France History of the New Year April Fools' Day,…Lyons, Second Council of
(Encyclopedia) Lyons, Second Council of, 1274, 14th ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. It was summoned by Pope Gregory X to discuss problems in the Holy Land, to remove the schism of…Urban VI
(Encyclopedia) Urban VI, 1318?–1389, pope (1378–89), whose election was the immediate cause of the Great Schism; a Neapolitan named Bartolomeo Prignano; successor of Gregory XI. He was made…Clement IV, pope
(Encyclopedia) Clement IV, d. 1268, pope (1265–68), a Frenchman named Guy le gros Foulques; successor of Urban IV. He was a lay adviser of King Louis IX of France, but after his wife's death he…Robert Guiscard
(Encyclopedia) Robert GuiscardRobert Guiscardgēskärˈ [key], c.1015–1085, Norman conqueror of S Italy, a son of Tancred de Hauteville (see Normans). Robert joined (c.1046) his brothers in S Italy and…Trending
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