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Halloween History

The tangled origins of the October 31 holiday Related Links Halloween Guide Halloween Traditions New! Halloween by the Numbers Halloween Hangman New! Unlucky Number 13 The…

Smith, George Pearson

(Encyclopedia) Smith, George Pearson, 1941–, American biologist, b. Norwalk, Ct., Ph.D. Harvard, 1970. Smith has been a professor at the Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, since 1975 (emeritus since 2015…

Martin I, Saint, d. 655?, pope

(Encyclopedia) Martin I, Saint, d. 655?, pope (649–55?), an Italian, b. Todi; successor of Theodore I. On his accession he summoned a great council at the Lateran, as St. Maximus had urged, to deal…

Tawadros II

(Encyclopedia) Tawadros II, 1963–, pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church (see Copts), 2012–; successor of Shenouda III. Born Wagih Sobhy Baky Soliman, he studied pharmacy at Alexandria Univ. (grad. 1975…

Lateran Council, Third

(Encyclopedia) Lateran Council, Third, 1179, 11th ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. It was convened at the Lateran Palace, Rome, by Pope Alexander III after the Peace of Venice (1178)…

Roussillon

(Encyclopedia) RoussillonRoussillonr&oomacr;sēyôNˈ [key], small region and former province, S France, bordering on Spain along the Pyrenees and on the Mediterranean, part of the administrative…

Lesdiguières, François de Bonne, duc de

(Encyclopedia) Lesdiguières, François de Bonne, duc deLesdiguières, François de Bonne, duc defräNswäˈ də bôn dük də lādēgyĕrˈ [key], 1543–1626, marshal and constable of France. He fought on the…

Cinq Mars, Henri Coëffier Ruzé d'Effiat, marquis de

(Encyclopedia) Cinq Mars, Henri Coëffier Ruzé d'Effiat, marquis deCinq Mars, Henri Coëffier Ruzé d'Effiat, marquis deäNrēˈ kōĕfyāˈ rüzāˈ dĕfyäˈ märkēˈ də săNmärˈ [key], 1620–42, French conspirator.…

Canova, Antonio

(Encyclopedia) Canova, AntonioCanova, Antonioäntôˈnyō känôˈvä [key], 1757–1822, Italian sculptor. He was a leading exponent of the neoclassical school whose influence on the art of his time was…

pallium

(Encyclopedia) palliumpalliumpălˈēəm [key], vestment proper to the pope, who confers it on archbishops in token of their union with and obedience to him. It is a band of cloth worn around the neck…