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McMaster, John Bach

(Encyclopedia) McMaster, John Bach, 1852–1932, American historian, b. Brooklyn, N.Y. Having practiced engineering in New York City and written two books, McMaster was appointed (1877) an instructor…

Köthen

(Encyclopedia) KöthenKöthenköˈtən [key], city (1994 pop. 31,860), Saxony-Anhalt, central Germany. Köthen has lignite mines, sugar refineries, textile mills, chemical factories, and heavy engineering…

Arnstadt

(Encyclopedia) Arnstadt Arnstadt ärnˈshtät [key], city, Thuringia, E Germany, on the Gera River. Known for its glove-manufacturing industries, Arnstadt also has glassworks…

Graupner, Christoph

(Encyclopedia) Graupner, ChristophGraupner, Christophkrĭsˈtôf groupˈnər [key], 1693–1760, German composer, studied at Leipzig with Johann Heinichen and Johann Kuhnau. After playing harpsichord at the…

Arrau, Claudio

(Encyclopedia) Arrau, ClaudioArrau, Claudioclawdēō ărˈrō [key], 1903–91, classical pianist, b. Chile. In 1911 he was sponsored by the Chilean government to study with Martin Krause in Berlin, where…

Buxtehude, Dietrich

(Encyclopedia) Buxtehude, DietrichBuxtehude, Dietrichdēˈtrĭkh b&oobreve;ksˌtəh&oomacr;ˈdə [key], c.1637–1707, Danish composer and organist. From 1668 until his death he was organist at Lübeck…

chaconne and passacaglia

(Encyclopedia) chaconnechaconneshäkônˈ [key] and passacagliapassacagliapäˌsəkälˈyə [key], two closely related musical forms popular during the baroque period. Both are in triple meter time and employ…

counterpoint

(Encyclopedia) counterpoint, in music, the art of combining melodies each of which is independent though forming part of a homogeneous texture. The term derives from the Latin for “point against…

Widor, Charles Marie

(Encyclopedia) Widor, Charles MarieWidor, Charles Marieshärl märēˈ vēdōrˈ [key], 1845–1937, French organist and composer. He was organist at St. Sulpice from 1869 until his retirement in 1934. In…

Shirley-Quirk, John Stanton

(Encyclopedia) Shirley-Quirk, John Stanton, 1931–2014, British bass-baritone. He began his career as a chemistry teacher, turning permanently to music in 1961. Acclaimed for his fine tone, diction,…