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astronomy

(Encyclopedia) astronomy, branch of science that studies the motions and natures of celestial bodies, such as planets, stars, and galaxies; more generally, the study of matter and energy in the…

Jericho, city, West Bank

(Encyclopedia) JerichoJerichojĕrˈĭkō [key] [Heb.,=fragrant, or city of the moon god], Arab. Ariha, town (2003 est. pop. 19,000), West Bank, in the Jordan valley N of the Dead Sea; nearby is the site…

astronaut

(Encyclopedia) astronaut, crew member on a U.S. manned spaceflight mission; the Soviet term is cosmonaut. Candidates for manned spaceflight are carefully screened to meet the highest physical and…

Kuiper, Gerard Peter

(Encyclopedia) Kuiper, Gerard Peter or Gerrit PieterKuiper, Gerard Peter or Gerrit Pietergĕrˈĭt pēˈtər kīˈpər [key], 1905–73, American astronomer, b. the Netherlands. Kuiper is considered to be the…

Kaufman, George S.

(Encyclopedia) Kaufman, George S.Kaufman, George S.kôfˈmən [key], 1889–1961, American dramatist and journalist, b. Pittsburgh as George Kaufman. As a drama critic for various New York newspapers he…

ephemeris

(Encyclopedia) ephemerisephemerisĭfĕmˈərĭs [key] (pl., ephemerides), table listing the position of one or more celestial bodies for each day of the year. The French publication Connaissance de Temps…

Forman, Miloš

(Encyclopedia) Forman, Miloš, 1932–2018, Czech-American filmmaker, b. Čáslav, Czechoslovakia (now in the Czech Republic), asJan Tomáš Forman. He attended film school in Prague and worked as a…

Teotihuacán

(Encyclopedia) TeotihuacánTeotihuacántāōtēwäkänˈ [key], ancient commercial and religious center in the central valley of Mexico, c.30 mi (48 km) NE of Mexico City. Once thought to be the great…

Zappa, Frank Vincent

(Encyclopedia) Zappa, Frank Vincent, 1940-1993, American guitarist, bandleader, and composer, b. Baltimore, Md. Zappa's family relocated several…

meteorite

(Encyclopedia) meteorite, meteor that survives the intense heat of atmospheric friction and reaches the earth's surface. Because of the destructive effects of this friction, only the very largest…