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history painting

(Encyclopedia) history painting, the painting of scenes from classical and Christian history and mythology. It was taught in the academies of art, from the Renaissance to the 19th cent., as the…

Maine de Biran

(Encyclopedia) Maine de BiranMaine de Biranmĕn də bēräNˈ [key], 1766–1824, French philosopher, member of the Council of Five Hundred (1797), and councilor of state (1816). His real name was Marie…

Lubbers, Ruud

(Encyclopedia) Lubbers, Ruud (Rudolphus Franciscus Marie Lubbers), 1939–2018, Dutch political leader. After the death of his father (1965), he became codirector of the family's engineering firm. A…

Peter II, king of Portugal

(Encyclopedia) Peter II, 1648–1706, king of Portugal (1683–1706), younger son of John IV; brother and successor of Alfonso VI. In 1667, he seized power from his incompetent brother and ruled the…

Nattier, Jean-Marc

(Encyclopedia) Nattier, Jean-MarcNattier, Jean-MarczhäN-märk nätyāˈ [key], 1685–1766, French painter; son of the painter Marc Nattier and the miniaturist Marie Courtois. His early works include…

régence style

(Encyclopedia) régence stylerégence stylerāzhäNsˈ [key], transitional style in architecture and decoration originated in France during the regency (1715–23) of Philippe, duc d'Orléans. The most…

Isabey, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Isabey, Jean BaptisteIsabey, Jean BaptistezhäN bätēstˈ ēzäbāˈ [key], 1767–1855, French portrait painter and miniaturist. He was a pupil of J. L. David and was greatly influenced by…

Talma, François Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Talma, François JosephTalma, François JosephfräNswäˈ zhôzĕfˈ tälmäˈ [key], 1763–1826, French actor. The greatest tragedian of his time, he broke with tradition and foreshadowed the…

Bassompierre, François, baron de

(Encyclopedia) Bassompierre, François, baron deBassompierre, François, baron defräNswäˈ bärôNˈ də bäsôNpyĕrˈ [key], 1579–1646, marshal of France. Under King Henry IV he distinguished himself in the…