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John II, king of France

(Encyclopedia) John II (John the Good), 1319–64, king of France (1350–64), son and successor of King Philip VI. An inept ruler, he began his reign by executing the constable of France (whose office…

Kingdoms and Monarchs of the World

Top of Page Monarchies used to rule the world. From the beginning of all human society in Mesopotamia 4,000 years ago, to the end of the British Empire in the mid-20th century, kings and queens…

Sandringham

(Encyclopedia) SandringhamSandringhamsănˈdrĭngəm [key], village, Norfolk, E England, near the Wash River. Sandringham House, with its large estate, was purchased in 1861 by Edward VII, then prince of…

Francis II, duke of Brittany

(Encyclopedia) Francis II, 1435–88, duke of Brittany. He succeeded (1458) his uncle Arthur III. In his struggle with the French crown for the independence of his duchy, Francis entered (1465) the…

Charles III, king of Navarre

(Encyclopedia) Charles III (Charles the Good), 1361–1425, king of Navarre (1387–1425), count of Évreux; son and successor of Charles II. He settled (1404) his inherited differences with France and…

Guy of Lusignan

(Encyclopedia) Guy of LusignanGuy of LusignanlüsēnyäNˈ [key], d. 1194, Latin king of Jerusalem (1186–92) and Cyprus (1192–94), second husband of Sibylla, sister of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem. In…

Schwerin, Kurt Christoph, Graf von

(Encyclopedia) Schwerin, Kurt Christoph, Graf vonSchwerin, Kurt Christoph, Graf vonk&oobreve;rt krĭsˈtôf gräf fən shvārēnˈ [key], 1684–1757, Prussian field marshal. He was one of the most…

Juba I, king of Numidia

(Encyclopedia) Juba IJuba Ij&oomacr;ˈbə [key], c.85 b.c.–46 b.c., king of Numidia in N Africa. He joined Pompey's party and in 49 b.c. routed Caesar's legate, Curio. He fought on the side of…

Francis II, king of France

(Encyclopedia) Francis II, 1544–60, king of France (1559–60), son of King Henry II and Catherine de' Medici. He married (1558) Mary Queen of Scots (Mary Stuart), and during his brief reign the…