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superfluidity

(Encyclopedia) superfluidity, tendency of liquid helium below a temperature of 2.19K to flow freely, even upward, with little apparent friction. Helium becomes a liquid when it is cooled to 4.2K.…

Potsdam

(Encyclopedia) PotsdamPotsdampŏtsˈdăm [key], city (1994 pop. 139,262), capital of Brandenburg, E Germany, on the Havel River, near Berlin. It is an industrial center and rail junction. Manufactures…

Rulers of England and Great Britain (table)

(Encyclopedia) Rulers of England and Great Britain(including dates of reign) Saxons and Danes Egbert, 802–39 Æthelwulf, son of Egbert, 839–58 Æthelbald, son of Æthelwulf, 858–60 Æthelbert,…

Geoffrey

(Encyclopedia) GeoffreyGeoffreyjĕfˈrē [key], 1158–86, duke of Brittany (1171–86); fourth son of Henry II of England. Betrothed (1166) to Constance, heiress of Brittany, he was recognized as heir to…

Ferdinand I, king of Naples

(Encyclopedia) Ferdinand I or FerranteFerdinand Ifār-ränˈtā [key], 1423–94, king of Naples (1458–94), illegitimate son and successor (in Naples) of Alfonso V of Aragón. His succession was challenged…

Maurice, Byzantine emperor

(Encyclopedia) MauriceMauricemôrˈĭs [key], c.539–602, Byzantine emperor (582–602). He was a successful general when, on his deathbed, Tiberius II, his father-in-law and the successor of Justin II,…

Bentivoglio

(Encyclopedia) BentivoglioBentivogliobānˈtēvōˈlyō [key], Italian noble family, one of several powerful clans in the struggle for control of Bologna during most of the 15th cent. Its greatest member…

Louis II, French king

(Encyclopedia) Louis II or Louis the Stammerer, 846–79, French king. He succeeded (877) his father, Emperor of the West Charles II, as king. On Louis's death his kingdom was divided between his sons…