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Pulkovo

(Encyclopedia) PulkovoPulkovop&oomacr;lˈkəvə [key], astronomical observatory, S of St. Petersburg, NW Russia. Pulkovo was built (1834–39) under a commission headed by F. G. W. von Struve. In 1839…

Seipel, Ignaz

(Encyclopedia) Seipel, IgnazSeipel, Ignazĭgˈnäts zīˈpəl [key], 1876–1932, Austrian chancellor (1922–24, 1926–29). A Roman Catholic priest, he was elected to the Austrian parliament in 1919 and became…

Taylor, Alan John Percivale

(Encyclopedia) Taylor, Alan John Percivale, 1906–90, English historian, primarily interested in diplomatic and Central European history. Educated at Oxford, he became a fellow of Magdalen College in…

Jooss, Kurt

(Encyclopedia) Jooss, KurtJooss, Kurtk&oobreve;rt yōs [key], 1901–79, German dancer, producer, and choreographer. Jooss was a student of Rudolf von Laban and was influenced by Émile Jacques-…

Jansons, Mariss

(Encyclopedia) Jansons, Mariss, 1943–2019, Latvian-Russian conductor. He studied under von Karajan at Salzburg, and later conducted (1979–2000) the Oslo Philharmonic, raising it to international…

Anzengruber, Ludwig

(Encyclopedia) Anzengruber, LudwigAnzengruber, Ludwigl&oobreve;tˈvĭkh änˈtsəngr&oomacr;ˌbər [key], 1839–89, Austrian writer. An actor and a clerk in the imperial police, Anzengruber had…

Paneth, Friedrich Adolf

(Encyclopedia) Paneth, Friedrich AdolfPaneth, Friedrich Adolffrēˈdrĭkh äˈdôlf päˈnĕt [key], 1887–1958, Austrian chemist. He was educated at Vienna, Munich, and Glasgow. He held a number of teaching…

Overbeck, Johann Friedrich

(Encyclopedia) Overbeck, Johann FriedrichOverbeck, Johann Friedrichyōˈhän frēˈdrĭkh oˈvərbĕk [key], 1789–1869, German religious painter. Expelled from the Vienna Academy because of his opposition to…

Auerbach, Berthold

(Encyclopedia) Auerbach, BertholdAuerbach, Bertholdbĕrtˈhōlt ouˈərbäkhˌ [key], 1812–82, German novelist. He fought in the Revolution of 1848 and in the Franco-Prussian War. As a result of his…

Marne, battle of the

(Encyclopedia) Marne, battle of the, two important battles of World War I that are named for the Marne River. In the first battle (Sept. 6–9, 1914) the German advance on Paris was halted at the Marne…