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Alfonso XI, Spanish king of Castile and León

(Encyclopedia) Alfonso XI, 1311–50, Spanish king of Castile and León (1312–50), son and successor of Ferdinand IV. His vigorous campaign against Granada provoked an invasion by the Moors from Morocco…

Decapolis

(Encyclopedia) DecapolisDecapolisdēkăpˈəlĭs [key] [Gr.,=ten cities], confederacy of 10 ancient cities, all E of the Jordan, except Scythopolis. The others were (according to Pliny) Dion, Pella,…

Kalemie

(Encyclopedia) KalemieKalemiekälāˈmē [key], formerly AlbertvilleAlbertvilleälbĕrvēlˈ [key], city (1984 pop. 73,528), Tanganyika prov., SE Congo (Kinshasa), on Lake Tanganyika at the mouth of the…

Fifty-four forty or fight

(Encyclopedia) Fifty-four forty or fight, in U.S. history, phrase commonly used by extremists in the controversy with Great Britain over the Oregon country. The rights of the United States, they…

Forbin, Claude, comte de

(Encyclopedia) Forbin, Claude, comte deForbin, Claude, comte deklōd kôNt də fôrbăNˈ [key], 1656–1733, French naval commander. He fought in the Antilles (1680) and in Abraham Duquesne's Algerian…

Failly, Pierre Louis Charles de

(Encyclopedia) Failly, Pierre Louis Charles deFailly, Pierre Louis Charles depyĕr lwē shärl də fāyēˈ [key], 1810–92, French general. He fought in Algeria, in the Crimean War, and at Magenta and…

Vare, William Scott

(Encyclopedia) Vare, William Scott, 1867–1934, American political leader, b. Philadelphia. He engaged in machine politics and became (1898) a member of the select council of Philadelphia. He was…

Shaw, Leslie Mortier

(Encyclopedia) Shaw, Leslie Mortier, 1848–1932, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1902–7), b. Morristown, Vt. Admitted to the Iowa bar in 1876, he organized (1880) a banking firm that specialized in…

Shelby

(Encyclopedia) Shelby, city (1990 pop. 14,669), seat of Cleveland co., W N.C., in a fertile piedmont farming (cotton, grain, soybeans, livestock) area; inc. 1843. There is dairy processing, and…

Numantia

(Encyclopedia) NumantiaNumantian&oomacr;mănˈshə [key], ancient settlement, Spain, near the Durius (now Douro) River and north of modern Soria. Numantia played a central role in the Celt-Iberian…