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Selfridge, Harry Gordon

(Encyclopedia) Selfridge, Harry Gordon, 1858–1947, American-British retail merchant, b. Ripon, Wis. He moved to Chicago in 1876, where he started a successful 25-year career at Marshall Field &…

All-Time Champ Car Leaders

Champ Car's all-time Top 20 drivers in victories, pole positions and earnings, based on records through Sept. 25, 2004. Drivers active in 2004 are in bold type. Totals include victories,…

Mackay, John William

(Encyclopedia) Mackay, John WilliamMackay, John Williammăkˈē [key], 1831–1902, American financier, b. Dublin, Ireland. He immigrated to the United States in 1840. In 1859 he joined the rush to Nevada…

McLuhan, Marshall

(Encyclopedia) McLuhan, Marshall (Herbert Marshall McLuhan), 1911–80, Canadian communications theorist and educator, b. Edmonton, Alta. He taught at the Univ. of Toronto (1946–80) and at other…

Newgate

(Encyclopedia) NewgateNewgateny&oomacr;ˈgĭt [key], former prison in the City of London, England, originally in the gatehouse of the principal west gate of London. Dating from the 12th cent. and…

Gris, Juan

(Encyclopedia) Gris, JuanGris, Juanhwän grēs [key], 1887–1927, Spanish cubist painter, whose original name was José Victoriano González. After studying in Madrid he settled in Paris in 1906, where he…

Bird, Robert Montgomery

(Encyclopedia) Bird, Robert Montgomery, 1806–54, American playwright and novelist, b. New Castle, Del., M.D. Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1827. He wrote several prizewinning verse plays for the actor Edwin…

Schrieffer, John Robert

(Encyclopedia) Schrieffer, John Robert, 1931–2019, American physicist, b., Oak Park, Ill., Ph.D. Univ. of Illinois, 1957. Schrieffer was a professor at the Univ. of Chicago (1957–60), the Univ. of…

Rimmer, William

(Encyclopedia) Rimmer, William, 1816–79, American sculptor and writer, b. Liverpool, England. He was brought up in the United States and after working as a cobbler in Brockton, Mass., at the age of…

U.S. Staffed Space Flight Programs

Mercury. Project Mercury, initiated in 1958 and completed in 1963, was the United States' first human-in-space program. It was designed to further knowledge about humanity's capabilities…