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Butler, Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Butler, Joseph, 1692–1752, English bishop and exponent of natural theology. Butler held a series of church offices, ending his career as bishop of Durham. His principle writings are…

Butler, Nicholas Murray

(Encyclopedia) Butler, Nicholas Murray, 1862–1947, American educator, president of Columbia Univ. (1902–45), b. Elizabeth, N.J., grad. Columbia (B.A., 1882; Ph.D., 1884). Holding a Columbia…

Ormonde, James Butler, 2d duke of

(Encyclopedia) Ormonde, James Butler, 2d duke of, 1665–1745, Irish soldier. He was the son of Thomas Butler, earl of Ossory, and grandson of the Ist duke, whom he succeeded in 1688. A staunch Tory…

Butler, Richard Austen

(Encyclopedia) Butler, Richard Austen, 1902–82, British politician. Educated at Cambridge, he entered Parliament in 1929 as a Conservative. As minister of education (1941–45), he piloted through…

Charles Gerard CONN, Congress, IN (1844-1931)

CONN Charles Gerard , a Representative from Indiana; born in Phelps, Ontario County, N.Y., January 29, 1844; moved with his parents to Elkhart, Ind., in 1851; attended the common schools;…

Peter Gerard TORKILDSEN, Congress, MA (1958)

TORKILDSEN Peter Gerard , a Representative from Massachusetts; born in Milwaukee, Wis., January 28, 1958; B.A., University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass., 1980; M.P.A., John F. Kennedy School of…

Nicholas II, pope

(Encyclopedia) Nicholas II (c.1010–61), pope (1058–61), a Roman named Gerard, b. Lorraine, France; successor to Pope Stephen IX. A strong proponent of papal reform, he issued (1059) the Papal…

Fort Fisher

(Encyclopedia) Fort Fisher, Confederate earthwork fortification, built by Gen. William Whiting in 1862 to guard the port of Wilmington, N.C.; scene of one of the last large battles of the Civil War.…

2007 MTV Movie Awards

The fourteenth annual MTV Movie Awards were presented June 3, 2007. Best Movie Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest…

Groote, Gerard

(Encyclopedia) Groote, Gerard or GeertGroote, Gerard or Geertgāˈrärt, gārtˈ, grōˈtə [key], 1340–84, Dutch Roman Catholic reformer. He studied at Paris and elsewhere and because of his learning in…