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Blunt, James Gilpatrick

(Encyclopedia) Blunt, James Gilpatrick, 1826–81, American physician and Union general in the Civil War, b. Hancock co., Maine. He practiced medicine in Ohio and later in Kansas, where he became…

anesthesia

(Encyclopedia) anesthesiaanesthesiaănĭsthēˈzhə [key] [Gr.,=insensibility], loss of sensation, especially that of pain, induced by drugs, especially as a means of facilitating safe surgical procedures…

Wilkinson, James

(Encyclopedia) Wilkinson, James, 1757–1825, American general and one of the most corrupt and devious officers in the nation's early army, b. Calvert co., Md. Abandoning his medical studies in 1776 to…

musicology

(Encyclopedia) musicology, systematized study of music and musical style, particularly in the realm of historical research. The scholarly study of music of different historical periods was not…

Piccolomini, Ottavio

(Encyclopedia) Piccolomini, OttavioPiccolomini, Ottavioōt-täˈvyō pēk-kōlôˈmēnē [key], 1599–1656, Italian general in the service of the Holy Roman emperor during the Thirty Years War (1618–48). He…

Tseng Kuo-fan

(Encyclopedia) Tseng Kuo-fanTseng Kuo-fandzŭng gwô-fän [key], 1811–72, Chinese general and statesman of the Ch'ing dynasty. He organized (1853) the Hunan army, the first of the great regional armies…

Geary, John White

(Encyclopedia) Geary, John WhiteGeary, John Whitegērˈē [key], 1819–73, American politician and Union general in the Civil War, b. Mt. Pleasant, Pa. In San Francisco from 1849 to 1852, Geary was the…

Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm, Baron von

(Encyclopedia) Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm, Baron vonSteuben, Friedrich Wilhelm, Baron vonsty&oomacr;ˈbən, Ger. frēˈdrĭkh vĭlˈhĕlm bärōnˈ fən shtoiˈbən [key], 1730–94, Prussian army officer,…

Custer, George Armstrong

(Encyclopedia) Custer, George Armstrong, 1839–76, American army officer, b. New Rumley, Ohio, grad. West Point, 1861. In the reorganization of the U.S. army after the war Custer was assigned to the…

Mayer, Julius Robert von

(Encyclopedia) Mayer, Julius Robert von, 1814–78, German physician and physicist, studied medicine at Tübingen, Munich, and Paris. From a consideration of the generation of animal heat, he was led to…