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Townes, Charles Hard

(Encyclopedia) Townes, Charles Hard, 1915–2015, American physicist and educator, b. Greenville, S.C. He was educated at Furman Univ., Duke, and the California Institute of Technology (Ph.D., 1939),…

Sacré-Cœur

(Encyclopedia) Sacré-CœurSacré-Cœursäkrā-körˈ [key], basilica in Paris, dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. It is a famous landmark atop the Montmartre, from which it dominates the city. Built (…

Middlesborough

(Encyclopedia) Middlesborough, city (1990 pop. 11,328), Bell co., S Ky., in the Cumberland Mts. near the point where Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia meet; inc. 1890. It is a coal-mining center with…

Amalekites

(Encyclopedia) AmalekitesAmalekitesămˈələkīts [key], in the Bible, aboriginal people of Canaan and the Sinai peninsula. They waged constant warfare against the Hebrews until dispersed by Saul. Their…

McKinney

(Encyclopedia) McKinney, city (1990 pop. 21,283), seat of Collin co., N Tex.; inc. 1849. It is a shipping point for cotton, cattle, and grains. Manufacturing includes electronic equipment, leather…

Hauptmann, Gerhart

(Encyclopedia) Hauptmann, GerhartHauptmann, Gerhartgĕrˈhärt houptˈmän [key], 1862–1946, German dramatist, novelist, and poet. He showed the influence of the theories of Zola and the plays of Ibsen in…

Osheroff, Douglas Dean

(Encyclopedia) Osheroff, Douglas Dean, 1945–, American physicist, b. Aberdeen, Wash., Ph.D. Cornell, 1973. He was a professor at Cornell from 1973 to 1987, when he joined the faculty at Stanford.…

Launcelot, Sir

(Encyclopedia) Launcelot, SirLauncelot, Sirlănˈsəlŏtˌ, lŏnˈ–, lônˈ– [key], in Arthurian legend, bravest and most celebrated knight at the court of King Arthur. He was kidnapped as an infant by the…

Laxness, Halldór Kiljan

(Encyclopedia) Laxness, Halldór KiljanLaxness, Halldór Kiljanhälˈdōr kĭlˈyän läkhsˈnĕs [key], 1902–98, Icelandic novelist, b. Reykjavík as Halldór Kiljan Gudjónsson. Although Laxness was converted to…

Ashkin, Arthur

(Encyclopedia) Ashkin, Arthur, 1922–2020, American physicist, b. Brooklyn, N.Y., Ph.D. Cornell, 1952. Ashkin worked for four decades at Bell Laboratories, retiring in 1992. Ashkin researched…