Gadolinium
Symbol
Gd
Atomic Number
64
Atomic Weight
157.25
Element Classification
Discovered By
Jean de Marignac
Discovery Date
1880 (Switzerland)
Name Origin
Named after the mineral gadolinite.
Density (g/cc)
7.900
Melting Point (K)
1586
Boiling Point (K)
3539
Appearance
Soft, ductile, silvery-white metal
Atomic Radius (pm)
179
Atomic Volume (cc/mol)
19.9
Covalent Radius (pm)
161
Ionic Radius
93.8 (+3e)
Specific Heat
0.230
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol)
n/a
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol)
398
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K)
(10.5)
Debye Temperature (K)
n/a
Pauling Negativity Number
1.20
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol)
594.2
Oxidation States
3
Electronic Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Lattice Structure
Hexagonal(HEX)
Lattice Constant
3.640
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.588
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