World War I: Armistices and Treaties

Read about the agreements that were signed during and after World War I

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Russia exited the war with the signing of an armistice on Dec. 15, 1917. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk between Russia and the Central Powers followed the armistice.

Italy won decisive victory over Austria-Hungary at Vittorio Veneto in northeast Italy in November 1918, and Austria-Hungary surrendered. The Armistice of Villa Giusti was signed on November 3rd, ending the war on the Italian Front.

After the Allies launched several successful offensives against Germany, hostilities ended on the Western Front and the Armistice of Compií¨gne was signed on November 11, 1918, ending World War I.

The Treaty of Versailles was signed June 28, 1919, after months of negotiations. It assigned responsibility for the war on Germany and its allies, set forth reparations to be paid by Germany, established the League of Nations, put limits on Germany's military, and included several territorial clauses that returned land Germany seized in the war. David Lloyd George (Britain), Georges Clemenceau (France), and Woodrow Wilson (U.S.) were the most prominent figures—the Big Three—at the signing of the treaty.

The Treaty of St. Germain was signed on Sept. 10, 1919, by the Allies on one side and the new republic of Austria on the other. The treaty dissolved the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and recognized the independence of Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Yugoslavia.

The Allies and Bulgaria signed the Treaty of Neuilly on Nov. 27, 1919. The treaty forced Bulgaria to cede territory to Greece and Yugoslavia, make reparations, and limit the size of its army.

The Treaty of Trianon was signed on June 4, 1920, by the Allies and Hungary, at the Grand Trianon Palace at Versailles, France. The treaty reduced the size and population of Hungary by about two-thirds and limited the size of its military.

The Treaty of Serves between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies (except Russia and the U.S.) was signed on August 10, 1920, after more than a year of negotiations. The treaty dissolved the Ottoman Empire and Turkey ceded a vast amount of land. The Allies took control over the Turkish economy.

by Beth Rowen